The Complexity of Piroplasms Life Cycles
Although apicomplexan parasites of the group Piroplasmida represent commonly identified global risks to both animals and humans, detailed knowledge of their life cycles is surprisingly limited. Such a discrepancy results from incomplete literature reports, nomenclature disunity and recently, from la...
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doaj-0703e33666c84897ac7f810636a132b02020-11-24T22:40:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882018-07-01810.3389/fcimb.2018.00248393278The Complexity of Piroplasms Life CyclesMarie Jalovecka0Marie Jalovecka1Marie Jalovecka2Ondrej Hajdusek3Daniel Sojka4Petr Kopacek5Laurence Malandrin6BIOEPAR, INRA, Oniris, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, FranceInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, CzechiaFaculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, CzechiaInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, CzechiaInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, CzechiaInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, CzechiaBIOEPAR, INRA, Oniris, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, FranceAlthough apicomplexan parasites of the group Piroplasmida represent commonly identified global risks to both animals and humans, detailed knowledge of their life cycles is surprisingly limited. Such a discrepancy results from incomplete literature reports, nomenclature disunity and recently, from large numbers of newly described species. This review intends to collate and summarize current knowledge with respect to piroplasm phylogeny. Moreover, it provides a comprehensive view of developmental events of Babesia, Theileria, and Cytauxzoon representative species, focusing on uniform consensus of three consecutive phases: (i) schizogony and merogony, asexual multiplication in blood cells of the vertebrate host; (ii) gamogony, sexual reproduction inside the tick midgut, later followed by invasion of kinetes into the tick internal tissues; and (iii) sporogony, asexual proliferation in tick salivary glands resulting in the formation of sporozoites. However, many fundamental differences in this general consensus occur and this review identifies variables that should be analyzed prior to further development of specific anti-piroplasm strategies, including the attractive targeting of life cycle stages of Babesia or Theileria tick vectors.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2018.00248/fullpiroplasmsBabesiaTheileriadevelopmental cyclemerogonygamogony |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marie Jalovecka Marie Jalovecka Marie Jalovecka Ondrej Hajdusek Daniel Sojka Petr Kopacek Laurence Malandrin |
spellingShingle |
Marie Jalovecka Marie Jalovecka Marie Jalovecka Ondrej Hajdusek Daniel Sojka Petr Kopacek Laurence Malandrin The Complexity of Piroplasms Life Cycles Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology piroplasms Babesia Theileria developmental cycle merogony gamogony |
author_facet |
Marie Jalovecka Marie Jalovecka Marie Jalovecka Ondrej Hajdusek Daniel Sojka Petr Kopacek Laurence Malandrin |
author_sort |
Marie Jalovecka |
title |
The Complexity of Piroplasms Life Cycles |
title_short |
The Complexity of Piroplasms Life Cycles |
title_full |
The Complexity of Piroplasms Life Cycles |
title_fullStr |
The Complexity of Piroplasms Life Cycles |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Complexity of Piroplasms Life Cycles |
title_sort |
complexity of piroplasms life cycles |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
issn |
2235-2988 |
publishDate |
2018-07-01 |
description |
Although apicomplexan parasites of the group Piroplasmida represent commonly identified global risks to both animals and humans, detailed knowledge of their life cycles is surprisingly limited. Such a discrepancy results from incomplete literature reports, nomenclature disunity and recently, from large numbers of newly described species. This review intends to collate and summarize current knowledge with respect to piroplasm phylogeny. Moreover, it provides a comprehensive view of developmental events of Babesia, Theileria, and Cytauxzoon representative species, focusing on uniform consensus of three consecutive phases: (i) schizogony and merogony, asexual multiplication in blood cells of the vertebrate host; (ii) gamogony, sexual reproduction inside the tick midgut, later followed by invasion of kinetes into the tick internal tissues; and (iii) sporogony, asexual proliferation in tick salivary glands resulting in the formation of sporozoites. However, many fundamental differences in this general consensus occur and this review identifies variables that should be analyzed prior to further development of specific anti-piroplasm strategies, including the attractive targeting of life cycle stages of Babesia or Theileria tick vectors. |
topic |
piroplasms Babesia Theileria developmental cycle merogony gamogony |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2018.00248/full |
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