Effects of layering sequence and gamma radiation on mechanical properties and morphology of Kevlar/oil palm EFB/epoxy hybrid composites
The present study evaluates the tensile and flexural properties, including the morphological features of gamma radiated Kevlar/oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB)/epoxy hybrid composites fabricated using hand lay-up method with different layering sequences. The fabricated hybrid composites were exposed...
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Elsevier
2019-11-01
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Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785419306246 |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Siti M.M. Amir Mohamed T.H. Sultan Mohammad Jawaid Syafiqah N.A. Safri Ain U.M. Shah Mohd R. Yusof J Naveen Shukri Mohd Khairul A.M. Salleh Naheed Saba |
spellingShingle |
Siti M.M. Amir Mohamed T.H. Sultan Mohammad Jawaid Syafiqah N.A. Safri Ain U.M. Shah Mohd R. Yusof J Naveen Shukri Mohd Khairul A.M. Salleh Naheed Saba Effects of layering sequence and gamma radiation on mechanical properties and morphology of Kevlar/oil palm EFB/epoxy hybrid composites Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
author_facet |
Siti M.M. Amir Mohamed T.H. Sultan Mohammad Jawaid Syafiqah N.A. Safri Ain U.M. Shah Mohd R. Yusof J Naveen Shukri Mohd Khairul A.M. Salleh Naheed Saba |
author_sort |
Siti M.M. Amir |
title |
Effects of layering sequence and gamma radiation on mechanical properties and morphology of Kevlar/oil palm EFB/epoxy hybrid composites |
title_short |
Effects of layering sequence and gamma radiation on mechanical properties and morphology of Kevlar/oil palm EFB/epoxy hybrid composites |
title_full |
Effects of layering sequence and gamma radiation on mechanical properties and morphology of Kevlar/oil palm EFB/epoxy hybrid composites |
title_fullStr |
Effects of layering sequence and gamma radiation on mechanical properties and morphology of Kevlar/oil palm EFB/epoxy hybrid composites |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of layering sequence and gamma radiation on mechanical properties and morphology of Kevlar/oil palm EFB/epoxy hybrid composites |
title_sort |
effects of layering sequence and gamma radiation on mechanical properties and morphology of kevlar/oil palm efb/epoxy hybrid composites |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
issn |
2238-7854 |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
The present study evaluates the tensile and flexural properties, including the morphological features of gamma radiated Kevlar/oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB)/epoxy hybrid composites fabricated using hand lay-up method with different layering sequences. The fabricated hybrid composites were exposed to different gamma radiation doses: 25 kGy, 50 kGy and 150 kGy. Mechanical (tensile and flexural) and morphological properties were evaluated by using universal testing machine and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Results obtained indicated that tensile strength of hybrid composites were effected by layering sequence. The layering sequence involving the use of EFB as core material yielded better mechanical performance compared to the layering pattern when Kevlar served as the core material. The tensile and flexural properties of hybrid composites showed an improvement for irradiated samples at a low radiation level. Hybrid composites displayed decrease in tensile strength at 50 kGy whereas flexural strength still showed an improvement. However, at 150 kGy, the tensile and flexural properties exhibited significant degradation. FESEM of tensile fracture composites showed the exist of fibre pull out and voids. However, at 150 kV bigger and ruptured voids were observed. It can be concluded from this finding that mechanical performance of Kevlar/EFB/Kevlar hybrid composites after Gamma radiation, has made it as promising material for automotive, aerospace and construction applications. Keywords: Oil palm, Kevlar fabric, Tensile strength, Flexural properties, Morphological features, Gamma radiation |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785419306246 |
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doaj-07b9168c964a46d0b538ac4aa54675682020-11-25T03:40:16ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542019-11-018653625373Effects of layering sequence and gamma radiation on mechanical properties and morphology of Kevlar/oil palm EFB/epoxy hybrid compositesSiti M.M. Amir0Mohamed T.H. Sultan1Mohammad Jawaid2Syafiqah N.A. Safri3Ain U.M. Shah4Mohd R. Yusof5J Naveen6Shukri Mohd7Khairul A.M. Salleh8Naheed Saba9Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Industrial Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944751-A), Prime Minister’s Department, MIGHT Partnership Hub, Jalan Impact, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Corresponding author at: Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaLaboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaDepartment of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaIndustrial Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaIndustrial Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaIndustrial Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaLaboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaThe present study evaluates the tensile and flexural properties, including the morphological features of gamma radiated Kevlar/oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB)/epoxy hybrid composites fabricated using hand lay-up method with different layering sequences. The fabricated hybrid composites were exposed to different gamma radiation doses: 25 kGy, 50 kGy and 150 kGy. Mechanical (tensile and flexural) and morphological properties were evaluated by using universal testing machine and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Results obtained indicated that tensile strength of hybrid composites were effected by layering sequence. The layering sequence involving the use of EFB as core material yielded better mechanical performance compared to the layering pattern when Kevlar served as the core material. The tensile and flexural properties of hybrid composites showed an improvement for irradiated samples at a low radiation level. Hybrid composites displayed decrease in tensile strength at 50 kGy whereas flexural strength still showed an improvement. However, at 150 kGy, the tensile and flexural properties exhibited significant degradation. FESEM of tensile fracture composites showed the exist of fibre pull out and voids. However, at 150 kV bigger and ruptured voids were observed. It can be concluded from this finding that mechanical performance of Kevlar/EFB/Kevlar hybrid composites after Gamma radiation, has made it as promising material for automotive, aerospace and construction applications. Keywords: Oil palm, Kevlar fabric, Tensile strength, Flexural properties, Morphological features, Gamma radiationhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785419306246 |