Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Renal Antioxidants and Oxidative Damage in Male Mice: Hormetic dose Response

• Main Authors: Weixia Sun, Xia Yin, Yuehui Wang, Yi Tan, Lu Cai, Bo Wang, Jun Cai, Yaowen Fu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: SAGE Publishing 2013-07-01
• Series: Dose-Response
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.2203/dose-response.12-027.Cai

Obstructive sleep apnea causes cardiovascular disease via chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH), which may be related to oxidative stress. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress by regulating its down-stream multiple antioxidants. The present study was to define whether IH can induce renal pathogenic damage and if so, whether Nrf2 and its down-stream antioxidants are involved in IH-induced pathogenic changes. Mice were culled for exposure to intermittent air as control or IH that consisted of 20.9% O 2 /8% O 2 F I O 2 alternation cycles (30 episodes per h) with 20 seconds at the nadir F I O 2 for 12 h a day during daylight. Short-term IH exposure (3 −7 days) induced significant increases in renal inflammatory response and antioxidant levels along with a reduction of the spontaneous content of malondialdehyde while long-term IH exposure (8 weeks) induced a significant decrease of antioxidant levels and significant increases of renal inflammation, oxidative damage, cell death, and fibrosis. This study suggests that IH induces a hormetic response, i.e.: short-term IH exposure is able to induce a protective response to protect the kidney from oxidative damage while long-term IH exposure is able to induce a damage effect on the kidney.