Correlates of Nonanemic Iron Deficiency in Restless Legs Syndrome
Objective: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a well-known cause of secondary restless legs syndrome (RLS). Iron deficiency without anemia (IDNA) is insidious, and its association with RLS is less evaluated. We investigate prevalence and features of IDNA in a consecutive cohort of patients with RLS.Met...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-04-01
|
Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2020.00298/full |
id |
doaj-095a8a4d29da44cf82c38a7075cacd44 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-095a8a4d29da44cf82c38a7075cacd442020-11-25T03:29:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952020-04-011110.3389/fneur.2020.00298479345Correlates of Nonanemic Iron Deficiency in Restless Legs SyndromeXiao-Ying Zhu0Ting-Ting Wu1Hong-Ming Wang2Xuan Li3Ling-Yan Ni4Tian-Jiao Chen5Meng-Yao Qiu6Jun Shen7Te Liu8William G. Ondo9Yun-Cheng Wu10Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaGeriatric Laboratory, Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Methodist Neurological Institute, Weill Cornell Medical School, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaObjective: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a well-known cause of secondary restless legs syndrome (RLS). Iron deficiency without anemia (IDNA) is insidious, and its association with RLS is less evaluated. We investigate prevalence and features of IDNA in a consecutive cohort of patients with RLS.Methods: We included sequential primary RLS patients and RLS patients with IDA. We also recruited age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RLS mimics and other comorbidities were carefully excluded.Results: One-hundred and ninety-six RLS patients without anemia, 26 RLS patients with IDA, and 63 controls were included. 42.3% of RLS patients without anemia had iron deficiency. Women were much more susceptible for IDNA with a relative risk of 5.51 (p < 0.0001). Women with IDNA and RLS had younger age both at interview and at RLS onset compared to women with RLS without iron deficiency (NID) (P < 0.01). IDNA RLS patients showed a tendency to higher risk of severe/very severe tiredness or sleepiness during the day as compared to NID RLS patients. Furthermore, IDNA RLS patients had longer duration of RLS (P < 0.01 in men, P < 0.05 in women) and younger age at onset (only in men, P < 0.05) compared to IDA RLS patients.Conclusion: IDNA is frequent in RLS and iron deficiency may be severe despite a normal hemoglobin level. Women are at much higher risk for IDNA, and IDNA in women presents some specific clinical features. Features of IDNA RLS are different from IDA RLS. Regular screening of peripheral iron parameters even in patients with normal blood counts is recommended for timely optimal management.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2020.00298/fullrestless legs syndromeanemianonanemicferritiniron deficiency |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Xiao-Ying Zhu Ting-Ting Wu Hong-Ming Wang Xuan Li Ling-Yan Ni Tian-Jiao Chen Meng-Yao Qiu Jun Shen Te Liu William G. Ondo Yun-Cheng Wu |
spellingShingle |
Xiao-Ying Zhu Ting-Ting Wu Hong-Ming Wang Xuan Li Ling-Yan Ni Tian-Jiao Chen Meng-Yao Qiu Jun Shen Te Liu William G. Ondo Yun-Cheng Wu Correlates of Nonanemic Iron Deficiency in Restless Legs Syndrome Frontiers in Neurology restless legs syndrome anemia nonanemic ferritin iron deficiency |
author_facet |
Xiao-Ying Zhu Ting-Ting Wu Hong-Ming Wang Xuan Li Ling-Yan Ni Tian-Jiao Chen Meng-Yao Qiu Jun Shen Te Liu William G. Ondo Yun-Cheng Wu |
author_sort |
Xiao-Ying Zhu |
title |
Correlates of Nonanemic Iron Deficiency in Restless Legs Syndrome |
title_short |
Correlates of Nonanemic Iron Deficiency in Restless Legs Syndrome |
title_full |
Correlates of Nonanemic Iron Deficiency in Restless Legs Syndrome |
title_fullStr |
Correlates of Nonanemic Iron Deficiency in Restless Legs Syndrome |
title_full_unstemmed |
Correlates of Nonanemic Iron Deficiency in Restless Legs Syndrome |
title_sort |
correlates of nonanemic iron deficiency in restless legs syndrome |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Neurology |
issn |
1664-2295 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
Objective: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a well-known cause of secondary restless legs syndrome (RLS). Iron deficiency without anemia (IDNA) is insidious, and its association with RLS is less evaluated. We investigate prevalence and features of IDNA in a consecutive cohort of patients with RLS.Methods: We included sequential primary RLS patients and RLS patients with IDA. We also recruited age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RLS mimics and other comorbidities were carefully excluded.Results: One-hundred and ninety-six RLS patients without anemia, 26 RLS patients with IDA, and 63 controls were included. 42.3% of RLS patients without anemia had iron deficiency. Women were much more susceptible for IDNA with a relative risk of 5.51 (p < 0.0001). Women with IDNA and RLS had younger age both at interview and at RLS onset compared to women with RLS without iron deficiency (NID) (P < 0.01). IDNA RLS patients showed a tendency to higher risk of severe/very severe tiredness or sleepiness during the day as compared to NID RLS patients. Furthermore, IDNA RLS patients had longer duration of RLS (P < 0.01 in men, P < 0.05 in women) and younger age at onset (only in men, P < 0.05) compared to IDA RLS patients.Conclusion: IDNA is frequent in RLS and iron deficiency may be severe despite a normal hemoglobin level. Women are at much higher risk for IDNA, and IDNA in women presents some specific clinical features. Features of IDNA RLS are different from IDA RLS. Regular screening of peripheral iron parameters even in patients with normal blood counts is recommended for timely optimal management. |
topic |
restless legs syndrome anemia nonanemic ferritin iron deficiency |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2020.00298/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT xiaoyingzhu correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome AT tingtingwu correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome AT hongmingwang correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome AT xuanli correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome AT lingyanni correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome AT tianjiaochen correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome AT mengyaoqiu correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome AT junshen correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome AT teliu correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome AT williamgondo correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome AT yunchengwu correlatesofnonanemicirondeficiencyinrestlesslegssyndrome |
_version_ |
1724578853836292096 |