The Lipid Lowering and Cardioprotective Effects of Vernonia calvoana Ethanol Extract in Acetaminophen-Treated Rats
Background: Paracetamol overdose/abuse as a result of self-medication is a common occurrence amongst people living in low/middle income countries. The present study was designed to investigate the hypolipidemic and cardioprotective potentials of Vernonia calvoana (VC) ethanol extract in acetaminophe...
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doaj-09a9d439624d41a1972acba1fe96c42e2020-11-24T21:53:03ZengMDPI AGMedicines2305-63202017-12-01449010.3390/medicines4040090medicines4040090The Lipid Lowering and Cardioprotective Effects of Vernonia calvoana Ethanol Extract in Acetaminophen-Treated RatsGodwin Eneji Egbung0Item Justin Atangwho1Ochuole Diana Odey2Victor Ndubuisi Ndiodimma3Department of Biochemistry, University of Calabar, P.M.B 1115, Calabar 540 NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Calabar, P.M.B 1115, Calabar 540 NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Calabar, P.M.B 1115, Calabar 540 NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Calabar, P.M.B 1115, Calabar 540 NigeriaBackground: Paracetamol overdose/abuse as a result of self-medication is a common occurrence amongst people living in low/middle income countries. The present study was designed to investigate the hypolipidemic and cardioprotective potentials of Vernonia calvoana (VC) ethanol extract in acetaminophen (paracetamol)-treated rats. Methods: Thirty-five Wistar rats weighing 100–150 g were randomly assigned into five groups of seven rats each. Groups 2–5 received high doses of paracetamol to induce liver damage, while group 1 was used as normal control. Afterwards, they were allowed to receive varying doses of VC (group 3 and 4) or vitamin E (group 5), whilst groups 1 and 2 were left untreated. The treatment period lasted for twenty one days after which sera were harvested and assayed for serum lipid indices using standard methods. Results: Groups 3 to 5 treated animals indicated significant decrease (p < 0.001) in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerol (TG) levels relative to the normal and acetaminophen-treated controls, the atherogenic index showed a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in all treated groups compared with normal and acetaminophen-treated controls. However, the VC- and vitamin E-treated groups showed significant (p < 0.001) increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) relative to the controls. Conclusions: Data from our study suggest that ethanol leaf extract of VC possesses probable hypolipidemic and cardioprotective effects.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6320/4/4/90AcetaminophenVernonia calvoanaserum lipid indiceshypolipidemic activity and antioxidants |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Godwin Eneji Egbung Item Justin Atangwho Ochuole Diana Odey Victor Ndubuisi Ndiodimma |
spellingShingle |
Godwin Eneji Egbung Item Justin Atangwho Ochuole Diana Odey Victor Ndubuisi Ndiodimma The Lipid Lowering and Cardioprotective Effects of Vernonia calvoana Ethanol Extract in Acetaminophen-Treated Rats Medicines Acetaminophen Vernonia calvoana serum lipid indices hypolipidemic activity and antioxidants |
author_facet |
Godwin Eneji Egbung Item Justin Atangwho Ochuole Diana Odey Victor Ndubuisi Ndiodimma |
author_sort |
Godwin Eneji Egbung |
title |
The Lipid Lowering and Cardioprotective Effects of Vernonia calvoana Ethanol Extract in Acetaminophen-Treated Rats |
title_short |
The Lipid Lowering and Cardioprotective Effects of Vernonia calvoana Ethanol Extract in Acetaminophen-Treated Rats |
title_full |
The Lipid Lowering and Cardioprotective Effects of Vernonia calvoana Ethanol Extract in Acetaminophen-Treated Rats |
title_fullStr |
The Lipid Lowering and Cardioprotective Effects of Vernonia calvoana Ethanol Extract in Acetaminophen-Treated Rats |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Lipid Lowering and Cardioprotective Effects of Vernonia calvoana Ethanol Extract in Acetaminophen-Treated Rats |
title_sort |
lipid lowering and cardioprotective effects of vernonia calvoana ethanol extract in acetaminophen-treated rats |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Medicines |
issn |
2305-6320 |
publishDate |
2017-12-01 |
description |
Background: Paracetamol overdose/abuse as a result of self-medication is a common occurrence amongst people living in low/middle income countries. The present study was designed to investigate the hypolipidemic and cardioprotective potentials of Vernonia calvoana (VC) ethanol extract in acetaminophen (paracetamol)-treated rats. Methods: Thirty-five Wistar rats weighing 100–150 g were randomly assigned into five groups of seven rats each. Groups 2–5 received high doses of paracetamol to induce liver damage, while group 1 was used as normal control. Afterwards, they were allowed to receive varying doses of VC (group 3 and 4) or vitamin E (group 5), whilst groups 1 and 2 were left untreated. The treatment period lasted for twenty one days after which sera were harvested and assayed for serum lipid indices using standard methods. Results: Groups 3 to 5 treated animals indicated significant decrease (p < 0.001) in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerol (TG) levels relative to the normal and acetaminophen-treated controls, the atherogenic index showed a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in all treated groups compared with normal and acetaminophen-treated controls. However, the VC- and vitamin E-treated groups showed significant (p < 0.001) increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) relative to the controls. Conclusions: Data from our study suggest that ethanol leaf extract of VC possesses probable hypolipidemic and cardioprotective effects. |
topic |
Acetaminophen Vernonia calvoana serum lipid indices hypolipidemic activity and antioxidants |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6320/4/4/90 |
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