Regulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Mitochondrial Functions: A Review
Cannabidiol (CBD) is part of a group of phytocannabinoids derived from <i>Cannabis</i><i>sativa.</i> Initial work on CBD presumed the compound was inactive, but it was later found to exhibit antipsychotic, anti-depressive, anxiolytic, and antiepileptic effects. In recent deca...
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doaj-0a20433620994f2993d31b9570104b242021-06-01T00:27:00ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-05-01101251125110.3390/cells10051251Regulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Mitochondrial Functions: A ReviewJohn Zewen Chan0Robin Elaine Duncan1Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaDepartment of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaCannabidiol (CBD) is part of a group of phytocannabinoids derived from <i>Cannabis</i><i>sativa.</i> Initial work on CBD presumed the compound was inactive, but it was later found to exhibit antipsychotic, anti-depressive, anxiolytic, and antiepileptic effects. In recent decades, evidence has indicated a role for CBD in the modulation of mitochondrial processes, including respiration and bioenergetics, mitochondrial DNA epigenetics, intrinsic apoptosis, the regulation of mitochondrial and intracellular calcium concentrations, mitochondrial fission, fusion and biogenesis, and mitochondrial ferritin concentration and mitochondrial monoamine oxidase activity regulation. Despite these advances, current data demonstrate contradictory findings with regard to not only the magnitude of effects mediated by CBD, but also to the direction of effects. For example, there are data indicating that CBD treatment can increase, decrease, or have no significant effect on intrinsic apoptosis. Differences between studies in cell type, cell-specific response to CBD, and, in some cases, dose of CBD may help to explain differences in outcomes. Most studies on CBD and mitochondria have utilized treatment concentrations that exceed the highest recorded plasma concentrations in humans, suggesting that future studies should focus on CBD treatments within a range observed in pharmacokinetic studies. This review focuses on understanding the mechanisms of CBD-mediated regulation of mitochondrial functions, with an emphasis on findings in neural cells and tissues and therapeutic relevance based on human pharmacokinetics.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/5/1251cannabidioloxidative stresselectron transport chainapoptosiscannabidiol pharmacokineticsmitochondrial epigenetics |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
John Zewen Chan Robin Elaine Duncan |
spellingShingle |
John Zewen Chan Robin Elaine Duncan Regulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Mitochondrial Functions: A Review Cells cannabidiol oxidative stress electron transport chain apoptosis cannabidiol pharmacokinetics mitochondrial epigenetics |
author_facet |
John Zewen Chan Robin Elaine Duncan |
author_sort |
John Zewen Chan |
title |
Regulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Mitochondrial Functions: A Review |
title_short |
Regulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Mitochondrial Functions: A Review |
title_full |
Regulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Mitochondrial Functions: A Review |
title_fullStr |
Regulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Mitochondrial Functions: A Review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Regulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Mitochondrial Functions: A Review |
title_sort |
regulatory effects of cannabidiol on mitochondrial functions: a review |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cells |
issn |
2073-4409 |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
Cannabidiol (CBD) is part of a group of phytocannabinoids derived from <i>Cannabis</i><i>sativa.</i> Initial work on CBD presumed the compound was inactive, but it was later found to exhibit antipsychotic, anti-depressive, anxiolytic, and antiepileptic effects. In recent decades, evidence has indicated a role for CBD in the modulation of mitochondrial processes, including respiration and bioenergetics, mitochondrial DNA epigenetics, intrinsic apoptosis, the regulation of mitochondrial and intracellular calcium concentrations, mitochondrial fission, fusion and biogenesis, and mitochondrial ferritin concentration and mitochondrial monoamine oxidase activity regulation. Despite these advances, current data demonstrate contradictory findings with regard to not only the magnitude of effects mediated by CBD, but also to the direction of effects. For example, there are data indicating that CBD treatment can increase, decrease, or have no significant effect on intrinsic apoptosis. Differences between studies in cell type, cell-specific response to CBD, and, in some cases, dose of CBD may help to explain differences in outcomes. Most studies on CBD and mitochondria have utilized treatment concentrations that exceed the highest recorded plasma concentrations in humans, suggesting that future studies should focus on CBD treatments within a range observed in pharmacokinetic studies. This review focuses on understanding the mechanisms of CBD-mediated regulation of mitochondrial functions, with an emphasis on findings in neural cells and tissues and therapeutic relevance based on human pharmacokinetics. |
topic |
cannabidiol oxidative stress electron transport chain apoptosis cannabidiol pharmacokinetics mitochondrial epigenetics |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/5/1251 |
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AT johnzewenchan regulatoryeffectsofcannabidiolonmitochondrialfunctionsareview AT robinelaineduncan regulatoryeffectsofcannabidiolonmitochondrialfunctionsareview |
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