APP-dependent alteration of GSK3β activity impairs neurogenesis in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome
Intellectual disability in Down syndrome (DS) appears to be related to severe neurogenesis impairment during brain development. The molecular mechanisms underlying this defect are still largely unknown. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the importance of GSK3β signaling for neuronal precursor pr...
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doaj-0b9bde3a6cb742e7a3094c1a850e16ad2021-03-22T12:41:02ZengElsevierNeurobiology of Disease1095-953X2014-07-01672436APP-dependent alteration of GSK3β activity impairs neurogenesis in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndromeStefania Trazzi0Claudia Fuchs1Marianna De Franceschi2Valentina Maria Mitrugno3Renata Bartesaghi4Elisabetta Ciani5Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyCorresponding author at: Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Piazza di Porta San Donato 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy. Fax: +39 051 2091737.; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyIntellectual disability in Down syndrome (DS) appears to be related to severe neurogenesis impairment during brain development. The molecular mechanisms underlying this defect are still largely unknown. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the importance of GSK3β signaling for neuronal precursor proliferation/differentiation. In neural precursor cells (NPCs) from Ts65Dn mice and human fetuses with DS, we found reduced GSK3β phosphorylation and, hence, increased GSK3β activity. In cultures of trisomic subventricular-zone-derived adult NPCs (aNPCs) we found that deregulation of GSK3β activity was due to higher levels of the AICD fragment of the trisomic gene APP that directly bound to GSK3β. We restored GSK3β phosphorylation in trisomic aNPCs using either lithium, a well-known GSK3β inhibitor, or using a 5-HT receptor agonist or fluoxetine, which activated the serotonin receptor 5-HT1A. Importantly, this effect was accompanied by restoration of proliferation, cell fate specification and neuronal maturation. In agreement with results obtained in vitro, we found that early treatment with fluoxetine, which was previously shown to rescue neurogenesis and behavior in Ts65Dn mice, restored GSK3β phosphorylation. These results provide a link between GSK3β activity alteration, APP triplication and the defective neuronal production that characterizes the DS brain. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying neurogenesis alterations in DS may help to devise therapeutic strategies, potentially usable in humans. Results suggest that drugs that increase GSK3β phosphorylation, such as lithium or fluoxetine, may represent useful tools for the improvement of neurogenesis in DS.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996114000576Down syndromeNeurogenesis impairmentGSK3βAPPAICD5-HT1A receptor |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Stefania Trazzi Claudia Fuchs Marianna De Franceschi Valentina Maria Mitrugno Renata Bartesaghi Elisabetta Ciani |
spellingShingle |
Stefania Trazzi Claudia Fuchs Marianna De Franceschi Valentina Maria Mitrugno Renata Bartesaghi Elisabetta Ciani APP-dependent alteration of GSK3β activity impairs neurogenesis in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome Neurobiology of Disease Down syndrome Neurogenesis impairment GSK3β APP AICD 5-HT1A receptor |
author_facet |
Stefania Trazzi Claudia Fuchs Marianna De Franceschi Valentina Maria Mitrugno Renata Bartesaghi Elisabetta Ciani |
author_sort |
Stefania Trazzi |
title |
APP-dependent alteration of GSK3β activity impairs neurogenesis in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome |
title_short |
APP-dependent alteration of GSK3β activity impairs neurogenesis in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome |
title_full |
APP-dependent alteration of GSK3β activity impairs neurogenesis in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome |
title_fullStr |
APP-dependent alteration of GSK3β activity impairs neurogenesis in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome |
title_full_unstemmed |
APP-dependent alteration of GSK3β activity impairs neurogenesis in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome |
title_sort |
app-dependent alteration of gsk3β activity impairs neurogenesis in the ts65dn mouse model of down syndrome |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Neurobiology of Disease |
issn |
1095-953X |
publishDate |
2014-07-01 |
description |
Intellectual disability in Down syndrome (DS) appears to be related to severe neurogenesis impairment during brain development. The molecular mechanisms underlying this defect are still largely unknown. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the importance of GSK3β signaling for neuronal precursor proliferation/differentiation. In neural precursor cells (NPCs) from Ts65Dn mice and human fetuses with DS, we found reduced GSK3β phosphorylation and, hence, increased GSK3β activity. In cultures of trisomic subventricular-zone-derived adult NPCs (aNPCs) we found that deregulation of GSK3β activity was due to higher levels of the AICD fragment of the trisomic gene APP that directly bound to GSK3β. We restored GSK3β phosphorylation in trisomic aNPCs using either lithium, a well-known GSK3β inhibitor, or using a 5-HT receptor agonist or fluoxetine, which activated the serotonin receptor 5-HT1A. Importantly, this effect was accompanied by restoration of proliferation, cell fate specification and neuronal maturation. In agreement with results obtained in vitro, we found that early treatment with fluoxetine, which was previously shown to rescue neurogenesis and behavior in Ts65Dn mice, restored GSK3β phosphorylation. These results provide a link between GSK3β activity alteration, APP triplication and the defective neuronal production that characterizes the DS brain. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying neurogenesis alterations in DS may help to devise therapeutic strategies, potentially usable in humans. Results suggest that drugs that increase GSK3β phosphorylation, such as lithium or fluoxetine, may represent useful tools for the improvement of neurogenesis in DS. |
topic |
Down syndrome Neurogenesis impairment GSK3β APP AICD 5-HT1A receptor |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996114000576 |
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