Expression of cyclin D1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha in aflatoxin G1-induced disturbance in testicular tissue of albino mice
Background and purpose: Aflatoxin (AF) is a mycotoxin produced by various strains of the Aspergillus family. AFG1 as one of the most important types is highly found in cereals and grains. AF affects sperm production or even its quality. This study was designed to test the effects of AFG1 on mice tes...
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2021-01-01
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doaj-0b9eae57a60c4d64b9bfff3c4b5153d92021-07-07T14:32:13ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsResearch in Pharmaceutical Sciences1735-53621735-94142021-01-0116218219210.4103/1735-5362.310525Expression of cyclin D1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha in aflatoxin G1-induced disturbance in testicular tissue of albino miceToraj Zamir-NastaMona PazhouhiAli GhanbariAmir AbdolmalekiCyrus JaliliBackground and purpose: Aflatoxin (AF) is a mycotoxin produced by various strains of the Aspergillus family. AFG1 as one of the most important types is highly found in cereals and grains. AF affects sperm production or even its quality. This study was designed to test the effects of AFG1 on mice testicular tissue. Experimental approach: Twenty-four Albino mice were divided into four groups of 6 each; a control group (0.2 mL corn oil and ethanol), three treatment groups with different periods (20 μg/kg AFG1 for 7, 15, and 35 consecutive days). All treatments were applied intraperitoneally. Biosynthesis of cyclin D1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) proteins was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Levels of cyclin D1, p21, and ERa mRNA were evaluated by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. Tubular differentiation index (TDI), reproductive index (RI), and spermiogenesis indices were also analyzed. Findings/Results: AFG1 increased the percentage of seminiferous tubules with negative TDI, RI, and SPI compared to the control group (P < 0.05). RT-PCR and IHC analyses illustrated time-dependent enhancement in p21 expression and cyclin D1 biosynthesis in AFG1-treated groups significantly (P < 0.05). While the protein and mRNA levels of ERa were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion and implications: The chronic exposure to AFG1 reduced the expression and synthesis of ERa, increased the expression and synthesis of p21 and cyclin D1, impaired apoptosis, which in turn could impair spermatogenesis.http://www.rpsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-5362;year=2021;volume=16;issue=2;spage=182;epage=192;aulast=Zamir-Nastaaflatoxin g1; apoptosis; cyclin d1; estrogen receptor alpha; p21 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Toraj Zamir-Nasta Mona Pazhouhi Ali Ghanbari Amir Abdolmaleki Cyrus Jalili |
spellingShingle |
Toraj Zamir-Nasta Mona Pazhouhi Ali Ghanbari Amir Abdolmaleki Cyrus Jalili Expression of cyclin D1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha in aflatoxin G1-induced disturbance in testicular tissue of albino mice Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences aflatoxin g1; apoptosis; cyclin d1; estrogen receptor alpha; p21 |
author_facet |
Toraj Zamir-Nasta Mona Pazhouhi Ali Ghanbari Amir Abdolmaleki Cyrus Jalili |
author_sort |
Toraj Zamir-Nasta |
title |
Expression of cyclin D1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha in aflatoxin G1-induced disturbance in testicular tissue of albino mice |
title_short |
Expression of cyclin D1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha in aflatoxin G1-induced disturbance in testicular tissue of albino mice |
title_full |
Expression of cyclin D1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha in aflatoxin G1-induced disturbance in testicular tissue of albino mice |
title_fullStr |
Expression of cyclin D1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha in aflatoxin G1-induced disturbance in testicular tissue of albino mice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Expression of cyclin D1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha in aflatoxin G1-induced disturbance in testicular tissue of albino mice |
title_sort |
expression of cyclin d1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha in aflatoxin g1-induced disturbance in testicular tissue of albino mice |
publisher |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
series |
Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences |
issn |
1735-5362 1735-9414 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Background and purpose: Aflatoxin (AF) is a mycotoxin produced by various strains of the Aspergillus family. AFG1 as one of the most important types is highly found in cereals and grains. AF affects sperm production or even its quality. This study was designed to test the effects of AFG1 on mice testicular tissue.
Experimental approach: Twenty-four Albino mice were divided into four groups of 6 each; a control group (0.2 mL corn oil and ethanol), three treatment groups with different periods (20 μg/kg AFG1 for 7, 15, and 35 consecutive days). All treatments were applied intraperitoneally. Biosynthesis of cyclin D1, p21, and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) proteins was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Levels of cyclin D1, p21, and ERa mRNA were evaluated by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. Tubular differentiation index (TDI), reproductive index (RI), and spermiogenesis indices were also analyzed.
Findings/Results: AFG1 increased the percentage of seminiferous tubules with negative TDI, RI, and SPI compared to the control group (P < 0.05). RT-PCR and IHC analyses illustrated time-dependent enhancement in p21 expression and cyclin D1 biosynthesis in AFG1-treated groups significantly (P < 0.05). While the protein and mRNA levels of ERa were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in a time-dependent manner.
Conclusion and implications: The chronic exposure to AFG1 reduced the expression and synthesis of ERa, increased the expression and synthesis of p21 and cyclin D1, impaired apoptosis, which in turn could impair spermatogenesis. |
topic |
aflatoxin g1; apoptosis; cyclin d1; estrogen receptor alpha; p21 |
url |
http://www.rpsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-5362;year=2021;volume=16;issue=2;spage=182;epage=192;aulast=Zamir-Nasta |
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