Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of an Inactivated Marker Vaccine against Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) in Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Recent studies have explored the seropositivity of Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) in water buffaloes, suggesting the urgency for developing strategies to eradicate the virus involving both cattle and water buffaloes. However, in Europe, the glycoprotein E (gE) deleted marker v...

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Main Authors:	Stefano Petrini, Alessandra Martucciello, Francesco Grandoni, Giovanna De Matteis, Giovanna Cappelli, Monica Giammarioli, Eleonora Scoccia, Carlo Grassi, Cecilia Righi, Giovanna Fusco, Giorgio Galiero, Michela Pela, Gian Mario De Mia, Esterina De Carlo
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2021-04-01
Series:	Vaccines
Subjects:	BoHV-1 marker vaccines water buffalo
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/4/355

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language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Stefano Petrini Alessandra Martucciello Francesco Grandoni Giovanna De Matteis Giovanna Cappelli Monica Giammarioli Eleonora Scoccia Carlo Grassi Cecilia Righi Giovanna Fusco Giorgio Galiero Michela Pela Gian Mario De Mia Esterina De Carlo
spellingShingle	Stefano Petrini Alessandra Martucciello Francesco Grandoni Giovanna De Matteis Giovanna Cappelli Monica Giammarioli Eleonora Scoccia Carlo Grassi Cecilia Righi Giovanna Fusco Giorgio Galiero Michela Pela Gian Mario De Mia Esterina De Carlo Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of an Inactivated Marker Vaccine against <i>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (BoHV-1) in Water Buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>) Vaccines BoHV-1 marker vaccines water buffalo
author_facet	Stefano Petrini Alessandra Martucciello Francesco Grandoni Giovanna De Matteis Giovanna Cappelli Monica Giammarioli Eleonora Scoccia Carlo Grassi Cecilia Righi Giovanna Fusco Giorgio Galiero Michela Pela Gian Mario De Mia Esterina De Carlo
author_sort	Stefano Petrini
title	Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of an Inactivated Marker Vaccine against <i>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (BoHV-1) in Water Buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>)
title_short	Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of an Inactivated Marker Vaccine against <i>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (BoHV-1) in Water Buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>)
title_full	Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of an Inactivated Marker Vaccine against <i>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (BoHV-1) in Water Buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>)
title_fullStr	Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of an Inactivated Marker Vaccine against <i>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (BoHV-1) in Water Buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>)
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of an Inactivated Marker Vaccine against <i>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (BoHV-1) in Water Buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>)
title_sort	evaluation of safety and efficacy of an inactivated marker vaccine against <i>bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (bohv-1) in water buffalo (<i>bubalus bubalis</i>)
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Vaccines
issn	2076-393X
publishDate	2021-04-01
description	Recent studies have explored the seropositivity of <i>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (BoHV-1) in water buffaloes, suggesting the urgency for developing strategies to eradicate the virus involving both cattle and water buffaloes. However, in Europe, the glycoprotein E (gE) deleted marker vaccines against BoHV-1 are commercially available only for the cattle industry. This study, for the first time, evaluated the safety and efficacy of a commercial inactivated gE-deleted marker vaccine in water buffalo. Five animals devoid of BoHV-1-neutralizing antibodies were vaccinated via intramuscular route. Five additional animals served as an unvaccinated control group. Sixty days after the first immunization, all animals were experimentally infected with a virulent BoHV-1via intranasal route. A detectable BoHV-1-humoral immune response was observed in the vaccinated group on post-vaccination day 30, whereas the antibodies appeared on post-challenge day 10 in the control group. Moreover, the vaccinated animals neither show viral shedding nor clinical signs compared to the control upon challenge. However, post-challenge, the BoHV-1-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were significantly more increased in vaccinated animals than the control animals. Overall, the present study provides evidence of both the safety and efficacy of an inactivated gE-deleted marker vaccine against BoHV-1 in water buffaloes.
topic	BoHV-1 marker vaccines water buffalo
url	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/4/355
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spelling	doaj-0bf7f823902943c5a29922b21ff050a62021-04-07T23:04:40ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2021-04-01935535510.3390/vaccines9040355Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of an Inactivated Marker Vaccine against <i>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (BoHV-1) in Water Buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>)Stefano Petrini0Alessandra Martucciello1Francesco Grandoni2Giovanna De Matteis3Giovanna Cappelli4Monica Giammarioli5Eleonora Scoccia6Carlo Grassi7Cecilia Righi8Giovanna Fusco9Giorgio Galiero10Michela Pela11Gian Mario De Mia12Esterina De Carlo13National Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche, “Togo Rosati,” 06126 Perugia, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technology of Breeding and Buffalo Production, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 84131 Salerno, ItalyResearch Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, ItalyResearch Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technology of Breeding and Buffalo Production, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 84131 Salerno, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche, “Togo Rosati,” 06126 Perugia, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche, “Togo Rosati,” 06126 Perugia, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technology of Breeding and Buffalo Production, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 84131 Salerno, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche, “Togo Rosati,” 06126 Perugia, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technology of Breeding and Buffalo Production, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 84131 Salerno, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technology of Breeding and Buffalo Production, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 84131 Salerno, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche, “Togo Rosati,” 06126 Perugia, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche, “Togo Rosati,” 06126 Perugia, ItalyNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technology of Breeding and Buffalo Production, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 84131 Salerno, ItalyRecent studies have explored the seropositivity of <i>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (BoHV-1) in water buffaloes, suggesting the urgency for developing strategies to eradicate the virus involving both cattle and water buffaloes. However, in Europe, the glycoprotein E (gE) deleted marker vaccines against BoHV-1 are commercially available only for the cattle industry. This study, for the first time, evaluated the safety and efficacy of a commercial inactivated gE-deleted marker vaccine in water buffalo. Five animals devoid of BoHV-1-neutralizing antibodies were vaccinated via intramuscular route. Five additional animals served as an unvaccinated control group. Sixty days after the first immunization, all animals were experimentally infected with a virulent BoHV-1via intranasal route. A detectable BoHV-1-humoral immune response was observed in the vaccinated group on post-vaccination day 30, whereas the antibodies appeared on post-challenge day 10 in the control group. Moreover, the vaccinated animals neither show viral shedding nor clinical signs compared to the control upon challenge. However, post-challenge, the BoHV-1-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were significantly more increased in vaccinated animals than the control animals. Overall, the present study provides evidence of both the safety and efficacy of an inactivated gE-deleted marker vaccine against BoHV-1 in water buffaloes.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/4/355BoHV-1marker vaccineswater buffalo

Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of an Inactivated Marker Vaccine against <i>Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1</i> (BoHV-1) in Water Buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>)

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