| Summary: | Coordinated planning is an effective method to balance investment costs and benefits in achieving high renewable target under the renewable-driven power system expansion wave. This paper proposes a coordinated planning model to support the efficient achievement of renewable target considering economy of the system by accounting for the interaction among source, grid, and energy storage system. An adaptive two-stage min-max-min robust optimization model is formulated to take into account renewable target as well as the uncertainty associated with renewable production and load demand. To reduce the conservatism of robust optimization, uncertain budget, multiple uncertain sets, and data-driven method are used to design uncertain sets. The resulting model is transformed into a tractable bi-level programming through strong duality theory and big-M method. A customized column-and-constraint generation algorithm is used to solve the bi-level programming. Simulation results presented for the modified IEEE 30-bus test system corroborates the effectiveness of the methodology, which finds siting and sizing of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems as well as transmission expansion schemes. It is capable to provide a flexible planning tool driven by renewable target under a reasonable computational burden.
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