Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers
The liver-derived hormone hepcidin plays a key role in iron metabolism by mediating the degradation of the iron export protein ferroportin 1 (FPN1). Circulating levels of hepcidin and the iron storage protein ferritin are elevated during the recovery period after acute endurance exercise, which can...
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-01-01
|
Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.01577/full |
id |
doaj-0c5a26e885db4a22adeb2437ddf511da |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-0c5a26e885db4a22adeb2437ddf511da2020-11-24T21:27:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2020-01-011010.3389/fphys.2019.01577456863Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior RowersMartina Zügel0Gunnar Treff1Jürgen M. Steinacker2Benjamin Mayer3Kay Winkert4Uwe Schumann5Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, GermanyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, GermanyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, GermanyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, GermanyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, GermanyThe liver-derived hormone hepcidin plays a key role in iron metabolism by mediating the degradation of the iron export protein ferroportin 1 (FPN1). Circulating levels of hepcidin and the iron storage protein ferritin are elevated during the recovery period after acute endurance exercise, which can be interpreted as an acute phase reaction to intense exercise with far-reaching consequences for iron metabolism and homeostasis. Since absolute and functional iron deficiency (ID) potentially lead to a loss of performance and well-being, it is surprising that the cumulative effects of training stress on hepcidin levels and its interplay with cellular iron availability are not well described. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine serum levels of hepcidin at six time points during a 4-week training camp of junior world elite rowers preparing for the world championships and to relate the alterations in training load to overall iron status determined by serum ferritin, transferrin, iron, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR). Serum hepcidin levels increased significantly (p = 0.02) during the initial increase in training load (23.24 ± 2.43 ng/ml) at day 7 compared to the start of training camp (11.47 ± 3.92 ng/ml) and turned back on day 13 (09.51 ± 3.59 ng/ml) already, meeting well the entrance level of hepcidin at day 0. Serum ferritin was significantly higher at day 7 compared to all other timepoints with exception of the subsequent time point at day 13 reflecting well the time course pattern of hepcidin. Non-significant changes between training phases were found for serum iron, transferrin, and sTfR levels as well as for transferrin saturation, and ferritin-index (sTfR/log ferritin). Our findings indicate that hepcidin as well as ferritin, both representing acute phase proteins, are sensitive to initial increases in training load. Erythropoiesis was unaffected by iron compartmentalization through hepcidin. We conclude that hepcidin is sensitive to rigorous changes in training load in junior world elite rowers without causing short-term alterations in functional iron homeostasis.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.01577/fullferritintransferrinsoluble transferrin receptorrowingexerciseinflammation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Martina Zügel Gunnar Treff Jürgen M. Steinacker Benjamin Mayer Kay Winkert Uwe Schumann |
spellingShingle |
Martina Zügel Gunnar Treff Jürgen M. Steinacker Benjamin Mayer Kay Winkert Uwe Schumann Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers Frontiers in Physiology ferritin transferrin soluble transferrin receptor rowing exercise inflammation |
author_facet |
Martina Zügel Gunnar Treff Jürgen M. Steinacker Benjamin Mayer Kay Winkert Uwe Schumann |
author_sort |
Martina Zügel |
title |
Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers |
title_short |
Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers |
title_full |
Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers |
title_fullStr |
Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers |
title_sort |
increased hepcidin levels during a period of high training load do not alter iron status in male elite junior rowers |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Physiology |
issn |
1664-042X |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
The liver-derived hormone hepcidin plays a key role in iron metabolism by mediating the degradation of the iron export protein ferroportin 1 (FPN1). Circulating levels of hepcidin and the iron storage protein ferritin are elevated during the recovery period after acute endurance exercise, which can be interpreted as an acute phase reaction to intense exercise with far-reaching consequences for iron metabolism and homeostasis. Since absolute and functional iron deficiency (ID) potentially lead to a loss of performance and well-being, it is surprising that the cumulative effects of training stress on hepcidin levels and its interplay with cellular iron availability are not well described. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine serum levels of hepcidin at six time points during a 4-week training camp of junior world elite rowers preparing for the world championships and to relate the alterations in training load to overall iron status determined by serum ferritin, transferrin, iron, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR). Serum hepcidin levels increased significantly (p = 0.02) during the initial increase in training load (23.24 ± 2.43 ng/ml) at day 7 compared to the start of training camp (11.47 ± 3.92 ng/ml) and turned back on day 13 (09.51 ± 3.59 ng/ml) already, meeting well the entrance level of hepcidin at day 0. Serum ferritin was significantly higher at day 7 compared to all other timepoints with exception of the subsequent time point at day 13 reflecting well the time course pattern of hepcidin. Non-significant changes between training phases were found for serum iron, transferrin, and sTfR levels as well as for transferrin saturation, and ferritin-index (sTfR/log ferritin). Our findings indicate that hepcidin as well as ferritin, both representing acute phase proteins, are sensitive to initial increases in training load. Erythropoiesis was unaffected by iron compartmentalization through hepcidin. We conclude that hepcidin is sensitive to rigorous changes in training load in junior world elite rowers without causing short-term alterations in functional iron homeostasis. |
topic |
ferritin transferrin soluble transferrin receptor rowing exercise inflammation |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.01577/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT martinazugel increasedhepcidinlevelsduringaperiodofhightrainingloaddonotalterironstatusinmaleelitejuniorrowers AT gunnartreff increasedhepcidinlevelsduringaperiodofhightrainingloaddonotalterironstatusinmaleelitejuniorrowers AT jurgenmsteinacker increasedhepcidinlevelsduringaperiodofhightrainingloaddonotalterironstatusinmaleelitejuniorrowers AT benjaminmayer increasedhepcidinlevelsduringaperiodofhightrainingloaddonotalterironstatusinmaleelitejuniorrowers AT kaywinkert increasedhepcidinlevelsduringaperiodofhightrainingloaddonotalterironstatusinmaleelitejuniorrowers AT uweschumann increasedhepcidinlevelsduringaperiodofhightrainingloaddonotalterironstatusinmaleelitejuniorrowers |
_version_ |
1725975455320768512 |