Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin
The present investigation aims to evaluate an isotropic and thermodynamically stable nanoemulsion formulation for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin (GZ), with minimum surfactant and cosurfactant (Smix) concentrations that could improve its solubility, permeation enhancement, and stability. Pseudo...
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Universidade de São Paulo
2011-12-01
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doaj-0d9091f18517493f9d59e5ac14fcc0182020-11-25T00:04:40ZengUniversidade de São PauloBrazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1984-82502175-97902011-12-0147476977810.1590/S1984-82502011000400014Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizinRanjit Kumar HarwanshKartik Chandra PatraSurendra Kumar ParetaJagadish SinghMohammed Akhlaquer RahmanThe present investigation aims to evaluate an isotropic and thermodynamically stable nanoemulsion formulation for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin (GZ), with minimum surfactant and cosurfactant (Smix) concentrations that could improve its solubility, permeation enhancement, and stability. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were developed and various nanoemulsion formulations were prepared using soyabean oil as oil, Span 80, Brij 35 as a surfactant and isopropyl alcohol as a cosurfactant. Nanoemulsion formulations that passed the thermodynamic stability tests were characterized for pH, viscosity and droplet size using a transmission electron microscopy. The transdermal ability of glycyrrhizin through human cadaver skin was determined using Franz diffusion cells. The in vitro skin permeation profile of the optimized nanoemulsion formulation (NE2) was compared to that of conventional gel. A significant increase in permeability parameters such as steady-state flux (Jss) and permeability coefficient (Kp) was observed in the optimized nanoemulsion formulation (NE2), which consisted of 1% wt/wt of mono ammonium glycyrrhizinate (MAG), 32.4% Span 80, 3.7% Brij 35, 10% isopropyl alcohol, 46.5% soyabean oil and 6.4% distilled water. No obvious skin irritation was observed for the studied nanoemulsion formulation (NE2) or the gel. The results indicated that nanoemulsions are promising vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin through human cadaver skin, without the use of additional permeation enhancers, because excipients of nanoemulsions act as permeation enhancers themselves.<br>O objetivo da investigação é avaliar uma nanoemulsão isotrópica termodinamicamente estável para a administração transdérmica da glicirrizina (GZ), com concentrações mínimas de tensoativo e co-tensoativo (Smix), que poderiam melhorar a sua solubilidade, a permeação e a estabilidade. Os diagramas pseudo-ternários de fase foram desenvolvidos e diversas nanoemulsões foram preparadas com óleo de soja como óleo, Span 80, Brij 35 como tensoativos e álcool isopropílico como co-tensoativo. As nanoemulsões que passaram por testes de estabilidade termodinâmica foram caracterizadas por pH, viscosidade, tamanho de gota e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. A capacidade transdérmica da glicirrizina em passar através da pele de cadáver humano foi determinada por células de difusão de Franz. O perfil in vitro de permeação cutânea da formulação otimizada (NE2) foi comparada com a de gel convencional. Observou-se aumento significativo nos parâmetros de permeabilidade, como fluxo de equilíbrio (JSS) e coeficiente de permeabilidade (Kp) na formulação otimizado (NE2), que consistiu de 1% wt/wt de monoglicirrizinato de amônio (MAG), 32,4% de Span 80, 3,7% de Brij 35, 10% de álcool isopropílico, 46,5% de óleo de soja e 6,4% de água destilada. Não se observou irritação óbvia da pele para as nanoemulsões estudadas (NE2) ou de gel. Os resultados indicaram que nanoemulsões são promissores veículos para a administração transdérmica de glicirrizina através da pele de cadáveres humanos, sem o uso adicional de promotor de permeação, porque excipientes de nanoemulsões atuam como promotores de permeação.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502011000400014NanoemulsãoNanoemulsãoGlicirrizinaNanoemulsão isotrópicaAnti-inflamatóriosTensoativosPermeaçãoPermeaçãoNanoemulsionsNanoemulsionsGlycyrrhizinIsotropic nanoemulsion formulationAnti-inflammatoriesSurfactantsPermeationPermeation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ranjit Kumar Harwansh Kartik Chandra Patra Surendra Kumar Pareta Jagadish Singh Mohammed Akhlaquer Rahman |
spellingShingle |
Ranjit Kumar Harwansh Kartik Chandra Patra Surendra Kumar Pareta Jagadish Singh Mohammed Akhlaquer Rahman Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nanoemulsão Nanoemulsão Glicirrizina Nanoemulsão isotrópica Anti-inflamatórios Tensoativos Permeação Permeação Nanoemulsions Nanoemulsions Glycyrrhizin Isotropic nanoemulsion formulation Anti-inflammatories Surfactants Permeation Permeation |
author_facet |
Ranjit Kumar Harwansh Kartik Chandra Patra Surendra Kumar Pareta Jagadish Singh Mohammed Akhlaquer Rahman |
author_sort |
Ranjit Kumar Harwansh |
title |
Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin |
title_short |
Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin |
title_full |
Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin |
title_fullStr |
Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin |
title_sort |
nanoemulsions as vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin |
publisher |
Universidade de São Paulo |
series |
Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences |
issn |
1984-8250 2175-9790 |
publishDate |
2011-12-01 |
description |
The present investigation aims to evaluate an isotropic and thermodynamically stable nanoemulsion formulation for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin (GZ), with minimum surfactant and cosurfactant (Smix) concentrations that could improve its solubility, permeation enhancement, and stability. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were developed and various nanoemulsion formulations were prepared using soyabean oil as oil, Span 80, Brij 35 as a surfactant and isopropyl alcohol as a cosurfactant. Nanoemulsion formulations that passed the thermodynamic stability tests were characterized for pH, viscosity and droplet size using a transmission electron microscopy. The transdermal ability of glycyrrhizin through human cadaver skin was determined using Franz diffusion cells. The in vitro skin permeation profile of the optimized nanoemulsion formulation (NE2) was compared to that of conventional gel. A significant increase in permeability parameters such as steady-state flux (Jss) and permeability coefficient (Kp) was observed in the optimized nanoemulsion formulation (NE2), which consisted of 1% wt/wt of mono ammonium glycyrrhizinate (MAG), 32.4% Span 80, 3.7% Brij 35, 10% isopropyl alcohol, 46.5% soyabean oil and 6.4% distilled water. No obvious skin irritation was observed for the studied nanoemulsion formulation (NE2) or the gel. The results indicated that nanoemulsions are promising vehicles for transdermal delivery of glycyrrhizin through human cadaver skin, without the use of additional permeation enhancers, because excipients of nanoemulsions act as permeation enhancers themselves.<br>O objetivo da investigação é avaliar uma nanoemulsão isotrópica termodinamicamente estável para a administração transdérmica da glicirrizina (GZ), com concentrações mínimas de tensoativo e co-tensoativo (Smix), que poderiam melhorar a sua solubilidade, a permeação e a estabilidade. Os diagramas pseudo-ternários de fase foram desenvolvidos e diversas nanoemulsões foram preparadas com óleo de soja como óleo, Span 80, Brij 35 como tensoativos e álcool isopropílico como co-tensoativo. As nanoemulsões que passaram por testes de estabilidade termodinâmica foram caracterizadas por pH, viscosidade, tamanho de gota e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. A capacidade transdérmica da glicirrizina em passar através da pele de cadáver humano foi determinada por células de difusão de Franz. O perfil in vitro de permeação cutânea da formulação otimizada (NE2) foi comparada com a de gel convencional. Observou-se aumento significativo nos parâmetros de permeabilidade, como fluxo de equilíbrio (JSS) e coeficiente de permeabilidade (Kp) na formulação otimizado (NE2), que consistiu de 1% wt/wt de monoglicirrizinato de amônio (MAG), 32,4% de Span 80, 3,7% de Brij 35, 10% de álcool isopropílico, 46,5% de óleo de soja e 6,4% de água destilada. Não se observou irritação óbvia da pele para as nanoemulsões estudadas (NE2) ou de gel. Os resultados indicaram que nanoemulsões são promissores veículos para a administração transdérmica de glicirrizina através da pele de cadáveres humanos, sem o uso adicional de promotor de permeação, porque excipientes de nanoemulsões atuam como promotores de permeação. |
topic |
Nanoemulsão Nanoemulsão Glicirrizina Nanoemulsão isotrópica Anti-inflamatórios Tensoativos Permeação Permeação Nanoemulsions Nanoemulsions Glycyrrhizin Isotropic nanoemulsion formulation Anti-inflammatories Surfactants Permeation Permeation |
url |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502011000400014 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT ranjitkumarharwansh nanoemulsionsasvehiclesfortransdermaldeliveryofglycyrrhizin AT kartikchandrapatra nanoemulsionsasvehiclesfortransdermaldeliveryofglycyrrhizin AT surendrakumarpareta nanoemulsionsasvehiclesfortransdermaldeliveryofglycyrrhizin AT jagadishsingh nanoemulsionsasvehiclesfortransdermaldeliveryofglycyrrhizin AT mohammedakhlaquerrahman nanoemulsionsasvehiclesfortransdermaldeliveryofglycyrrhizin |
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