Kawasaki Disease- Management Strategies Given Symptoms Overlap to COVID-19: A Review

• Main Authors: Linna Wang, Sheng Zhang, Ji Ma, Jing Ni, Juyan Wang, Xiaohong Li, Zhilong Mu, Wei Han, Gaitao He, Lei Ma, Jenifei Shah, Jay Shah, Fuyong Jiao
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Nepal Medical Association 2021-04-01
• Series: Journal of Nepal Medical Association
• Subjects: children; COVID-19; Kawasaki disease.
• Online Access: http://jnma.com.np/jnma/index.php/jnma/article/view/5698
• ISSN: 0028-2715; 1815-672X

Kawasaki disease is an acute, self-limiting vasculitis in children. Early treatment is necessary to prevent cardiovascular complications. The acute phase of Kawasaki disease may present with hemodynamic instability. An association between viral respiratory infections and Kawasaki disease has been reported. Studies have shown that Kawasaki and Kawasaki-like disease may be associated with and have symptoms overlapping COVID-19. Children with COVID-19 may present as Kawasaki-like disease with pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome, or macrophage activation syndrome. Clinicians need to be aware of the early diagnosis and management of Kawasaki disease to prevent the development of coronary artery aneurysms. The symptoms overlap of multisystem inflammatory disease seen in COVID-19 adds to the difficulties in timely diagnosis and treatment. Children with Kawasaki disease require regular follow-up plans for coronary artery aneurysms. This adds to the difficulties during the changed environment of COVID-19 for control and prevention. Missed diagnosis and early treatment of Kawasaki disease with immunoglobulin and aspirin results in the development of coronary artery aneurysm in up to 25% of cases, with grave consequences. Here, we briefly review the management of typical and atypical Kawasaki disease which has symptoms overlapping with the multisystem inflammatory disease as seen in COVID-19.