Metabolome-wide association study of flavorant vanillin exposure in bronchial epithelial cells reveals disease-related perturbations in metabolism
Electronic cigarettes (e-cig) are an increasingly popular alternative to traditional smoking but have been in use for too short of a period of time to fully understand health risks. Furthermore, associated health risks are difficult to evaluate because of a large range of flavoring agents and their...
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doaj-0e45db017b8f4844a9774dde429448fb2021-01-20T04:10:30ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202021-02-01147106323Metabolome-wide association study of flavorant vanillin exposure in bronchial epithelial cells reveals disease-related perturbations in metabolismMatthew Ryan Smith0Zachery R. Jarrell1Michael Orr2Ken H. Liu3Young-Mi Go4Dean P. Jones5Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADivision of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADivision of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADivision of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USACorresponding authors at: Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St, Room 225, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USACorresponding authors at: Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St, Room 225, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USAElectronic cigarettes (e-cig) are an increasingly popular alternative to traditional smoking but have been in use for too short of a period of time to fully understand health risks. Furthermore, associated health risks are difficult to evaluate because of a large range of flavoring agents and their combinations for use with e-cig. Many flavoring agents are generally regarded as safe but have limited studies for effects on lung. Vanillin, an aromatic aldehyde, is one of the most commonly used flavoring agents in e-cig. Vanillin is electrophilic and can be redox active, with chemical properties expected to interact within biologic systems. Because accumulating lung metabolomics studies have identified metabolic disruptions associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, asthma and acute respiratory distress syndrome, we used human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) with high-resolution metabolomics analysis to determine whether these disease-associated pathways are impacted by vanillin over the range used in e-cig. A metabolome-wide association study showed that vanillin perturbed specific energy, amino acid, antioxidant and sphingolipid pathways previously associated with human disease. Analysis of a small publicly available human dataset showed associations with several of the same pathways. Because vanillin is a common and high-abundance flavorant in e-cig, these results show that vanillin has potential to be mechanistically important in lung diseases and warrants in vivo toxicity testing in the context of e-cig use.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412020322789Electronic cigarettesFlavoring agentsHigh-resolution metabolomicsMetabolic disruptionOxidative stress |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Matthew Ryan Smith Zachery R. Jarrell Michael Orr Ken H. Liu Young-Mi Go Dean P. Jones |
spellingShingle |
Matthew Ryan Smith Zachery R. Jarrell Michael Orr Ken H. Liu Young-Mi Go Dean P. Jones Metabolome-wide association study of flavorant vanillin exposure in bronchial epithelial cells reveals disease-related perturbations in metabolism Environment International Electronic cigarettes Flavoring agents High-resolution metabolomics Metabolic disruption Oxidative stress |
author_facet |
Matthew Ryan Smith Zachery R. Jarrell Michael Orr Ken H. Liu Young-Mi Go Dean P. Jones |
author_sort |
Matthew Ryan Smith |
title |
Metabolome-wide association study of flavorant vanillin exposure in bronchial epithelial cells reveals disease-related perturbations in metabolism |
title_short |
Metabolome-wide association study of flavorant vanillin exposure in bronchial epithelial cells reveals disease-related perturbations in metabolism |
title_full |
Metabolome-wide association study of flavorant vanillin exposure in bronchial epithelial cells reveals disease-related perturbations in metabolism |
title_fullStr |
Metabolome-wide association study of flavorant vanillin exposure in bronchial epithelial cells reveals disease-related perturbations in metabolism |
title_full_unstemmed |
Metabolome-wide association study of flavorant vanillin exposure in bronchial epithelial cells reveals disease-related perturbations in metabolism |
title_sort |
metabolome-wide association study of flavorant vanillin exposure in bronchial epithelial cells reveals disease-related perturbations in metabolism |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Environment International |
issn |
0160-4120 |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
Electronic cigarettes (e-cig) are an increasingly popular alternative to traditional smoking but have been in use for too short of a period of time to fully understand health risks. Furthermore, associated health risks are difficult to evaluate because of a large range of flavoring agents and their combinations for use with e-cig. Many flavoring agents are generally regarded as safe but have limited studies for effects on lung. Vanillin, an aromatic aldehyde, is one of the most commonly used flavoring agents in e-cig. Vanillin is electrophilic and can be redox active, with chemical properties expected to interact within biologic systems. Because accumulating lung metabolomics studies have identified metabolic disruptions associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, asthma and acute respiratory distress syndrome, we used human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) with high-resolution metabolomics analysis to determine whether these disease-associated pathways are impacted by vanillin over the range used in e-cig. A metabolome-wide association study showed that vanillin perturbed specific energy, amino acid, antioxidant and sphingolipid pathways previously associated with human disease. Analysis of a small publicly available human dataset showed associations with several of the same pathways. Because vanillin is a common and high-abundance flavorant in e-cig, these results show that vanillin has potential to be mechanistically important in lung diseases and warrants in vivo toxicity testing in the context of e-cig use. |
topic |
Electronic cigarettes Flavoring agents High-resolution metabolomics Metabolic disruption Oxidative stress |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412020322789 |
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