Examining Differences in Fear Learning in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Pupillometry, Startle Electromyography and Skin Conductance Responses
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent, persistent thoughts and repetitive behaviors causing stress and anxiety. In the associative learning model of OCD, mechanisms of fear extinction are supposed to partly underlie symptom development, maintenance and treatment of OCD, p...
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2021-10-01
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doaj-0e4a1bafefd341508a2ca6d47f6998a42021-10-01T06:11:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402021-10-011210.3389/fpsyt.2021.730742730742Examining Differences in Fear Learning in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Pupillometry, Startle Electromyography and Skin Conductance ResponsesDorothee Pöhlchen0Dorothee Pöhlchen1Marthe Priouret2Miriam S. Kraft3Florian P. Binder4Florian P. Binder5Deniz A. Gürsel6Deniz A. Gürsel7Götz Berberich8BeCOME working group9Kathrin Koch10Kathrin Koch11Victor I. Spoormaker12E. B. BinderT. M. BrücklM. CzischA. ErhardtN. C. GrandiS. LucaeP. SämannA. TontschI.A. von Muecke-HeimJ. ZiebulaDepartment of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, GermanyInternational Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, GermanyDepartment of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, GermanyDepartment of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, GermanyDepartment of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, GermanyInternational Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, GermanyDepartment of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, GermanyTUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC), Technical University of Munich, Munich, GermanyWindach Institute and Hospital of Neurobehavioural Research and Therapy, Windach, GermanyMax Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, GermanyDepartment of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, GermanyTUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC), Technical University of Munich, Munich, GermanyDepartment of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, GermanyObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent, persistent thoughts and repetitive behaviors causing stress and anxiety. In the associative learning model of OCD, mechanisms of fear extinction are supposed to partly underlie symptom development, maintenance and treatment of OCD, proposing that OCD patients suffer from rigid memory associations and inhibitory learning deficits. To test these assumptions, previous studies have used skin conductance and subjective ratings as readouts in fear conditioning paradigms, finding impaired fear extinction learning, impaired fear extinction recall or no differences between individuals with OCD and healthy controls. Against this heterogeneous background, we tested fear acquisition and extinction in 37 OCD patients and 56 healthy controls, employing skin conductance as well as pupillometry and startle electromyography. Extinction recall was also included in a subsample. We did not observe differences between groups in any of the task phases, except a trend toward higher startle amplitudes during extinction for OCD. Overall, sensitive readouts such as pupillometry and startle responses did not provide evidence for moderate-to-large inhibitory learning deficits using classical fear conditioning, challenging the assumption of generically impaired extinction learning and memory in OCD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.730742/fullobsessive compulsive disorderanxietyinhibitory learningextinctionfear conditioning |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dorothee Pöhlchen Dorothee Pöhlchen Marthe Priouret Miriam S. Kraft Florian P. Binder Florian P. Binder Deniz A. Gürsel Deniz A. Gürsel Götz Berberich BeCOME working group Kathrin Koch Kathrin Koch Victor I. Spoormaker E. B. Binder T. M. Brückl M. Czisch A. Erhardt N. C. Grandi S. Lucae P. Sämann A. Tontsch I.A. von Muecke-Heim J. Ziebula |
spellingShingle |
Dorothee Pöhlchen Dorothee Pöhlchen Marthe Priouret Miriam S. Kraft Florian P. Binder Florian P. Binder Deniz A. Gürsel Deniz A. Gürsel Götz Berberich BeCOME working group Kathrin Koch Kathrin Koch Victor I. Spoormaker E. B. Binder T. M. Brückl M. Czisch A. Erhardt N. C. Grandi S. Lucae P. Sämann A. Tontsch I.A. von Muecke-Heim J. Ziebula Examining Differences in Fear Learning in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Pupillometry, Startle Electromyography and Skin Conductance Responses Frontiers in Psychiatry obsessive compulsive disorder anxiety inhibitory learning extinction fear conditioning |
author_facet |
Dorothee Pöhlchen Dorothee Pöhlchen Marthe Priouret Miriam S. Kraft Florian P. Binder Florian P. Binder Deniz A. Gürsel Deniz A. Gürsel Götz Berberich BeCOME working group Kathrin Koch Kathrin Koch Victor I. Spoormaker E. B. Binder T. M. Brückl M. Czisch A. Erhardt N. C. Grandi S. Lucae P. Sämann A. Tontsch I.A. von Muecke-Heim J. Ziebula |
author_sort |
Dorothee Pöhlchen |
title |
Examining Differences in Fear Learning in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Pupillometry, Startle Electromyography and Skin Conductance Responses |
title_short |
Examining Differences in Fear Learning in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Pupillometry, Startle Electromyography and Skin Conductance Responses |
title_full |
Examining Differences in Fear Learning in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Pupillometry, Startle Electromyography and Skin Conductance Responses |
title_fullStr |
Examining Differences in Fear Learning in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Pupillometry, Startle Electromyography and Skin Conductance Responses |
title_full_unstemmed |
Examining Differences in Fear Learning in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Pupillometry, Startle Electromyography and Skin Conductance Responses |
title_sort |
examining differences in fear learning in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder with pupillometry, startle electromyography and skin conductance responses |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Psychiatry |
issn |
1664-0640 |
publishDate |
2021-10-01 |
description |
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent, persistent thoughts and repetitive behaviors causing stress and anxiety. In the associative learning model of OCD, mechanisms of fear extinction are supposed to partly underlie symptom development, maintenance and treatment of OCD, proposing that OCD patients suffer from rigid memory associations and inhibitory learning deficits. To test these assumptions, previous studies have used skin conductance and subjective ratings as readouts in fear conditioning paradigms, finding impaired fear extinction learning, impaired fear extinction recall or no differences between individuals with OCD and healthy controls. Against this heterogeneous background, we tested fear acquisition and extinction in 37 OCD patients and 56 healthy controls, employing skin conductance as well as pupillometry and startle electromyography. Extinction recall was also included in a subsample. We did not observe differences between groups in any of the task phases, except a trend toward higher startle amplitudes during extinction for OCD. Overall, sensitive readouts such as pupillometry and startle responses did not provide evidence for moderate-to-large inhibitory learning deficits using classical fear conditioning, challenging the assumption of generically impaired extinction learning and memory in OCD. |
topic |
obsessive compulsive disorder anxiety inhibitory learning extinction fear conditioning |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.730742/full |
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