In vitro large-scale experimental and theoretical studies for the realization of bi-directional brain-prostheses
Brain-machine interfaces (BMI) were born to control ‘actions from thoughts’ in order to recover motor capability of patients with impaired functional connectivity between the central and peripheral nervous system. The final goal of our studies is the development of a new proof-of-concept BMI - a neu...
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doaj-0ea65d7b35cc4085a8b022881bdcfee62020-11-24T23:24:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neural Circuits1662-51102013-03-01710.3389/fncir.2013.0004039933In vitro large-scale experimental and theoretical studies for the realization of bi-directional brain-prosthesesPaolo eBonifazi0Francesco eDifato1Paolo eMassobrio2Gian Luca eBreschi3Valentina ePasquale4Timothée eLevi5Miri eGoldin6Yannick eBornat7Mariateresa eTedesco8Marta eBisio9Ronit eGalron10Sivan eKanner11Jacopo eTessadori12Stefano eTaverna13Michela eChiappalone14Tel Aviv UniversityIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaUniversity of GenovaIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaUniversity of BordeauxTel Aviv UniversityUniversity of BordeauxUniversity of GenovaIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv UniversityIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaBrain-machine interfaces (BMI) were born to control ‘actions from thoughts’ in order to recover motor capability of patients with impaired functional connectivity between the central and peripheral nervous system. The final goal of our studies is the development of a new proof-of-concept BMI - a neuromorphic chip for brain repair - to reproduce the functional organization of a damaged part of the central nervous system. To reach this ambitious goal, we implemented a multidisciplinary ‘bottom-up’ approach in which in vitro networks are the paradigm for the development of an in silico model to be incorporated into a neuromorphic device. In this paper we present the overall strategy and focus on the different building blocks of our studies: (i) the experimental characterization and modeling of ‘finite size networks’ which represent the smallest and most general self-organized circuits capable of generating spontaneous collective dynamics; (ii) the induction of lesions in neuronal networks and the whole brain preparation with special attention on the impact on the functional organization of the circuits; (iii) the first production of a neuromorphic chip able to implement a real-time model of neuronal networks. A dynamical characterization of the finite size circuits with single cell resolution is provided. A neural network model based on Izhikevich neurons was able to replicate the experimental observations. Changes in the dynamics of the neuronal circuits induced by optical and ischemic lesions are presented respectively for in vitro neuronal networks and for a whole brain preparation. Finally the implementation of a neuromorphic chip reproducing the network dynamics in quasi-real time (10 ns precision) is presented.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncir.2013.00040/fullWhole BrainIn vitro modular networkslesioned circuitsin silico neuronal circuithardware Spiking Neural NetworkFinite size networks |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Paolo eBonifazi Francesco eDifato Paolo eMassobrio Gian Luca eBreschi Valentina ePasquale Timothée eLevi Miri eGoldin Yannick eBornat Mariateresa eTedesco Marta eBisio Ronit eGalron Sivan eKanner Jacopo eTessadori Stefano eTaverna Michela eChiappalone |
spellingShingle |
Paolo eBonifazi Francesco eDifato Paolo eMassobrio Gian Luca eBreschi Valentina ePasquale Timothée eLevi Miri eGoldin Yannick eBornat Mariateresa eTedesco Marta eBisio Ronit eGalron Sivan eKanner Jacopo eTessadori Stefano eTaverna Michela eChiappalone In vitro large-scale experimental and theoretical studies for the realization of bi-directional brain-prostheses Frontiers in Neural Circuits Whole Brain In vitro modular networks lesioned circuits in silico neuronal circuit hardware Spiking Neural Network Finite size networks |
author_facet |
Paolo eBonifazi Francesco eDifato Paolo eMassobrio Gian Luca eBreschi Valentina ePasquale Timothée eLevi Miri eGoldin Yannick eBornat Mariateresa eTedesco Marta eBisio Ronit eGalron Sivan eKanner Jacopo eTessadori Stefano eTaverna Michela eChiappalone |
author_sort |
Paolo eBonifazi |
title |
In vitro large-scale experimental and theoretical studies for the realization of bi-directional brain-prostheses |
title_short |
In vitro large-scale experimental and theoretical studies for the realization of bi-directional brain-prostheses |
title_full |
In vitro large-scale experimental and theoretical studies for the realization of bi-directional brain-prostheses |
title_fullStr |
In vitro large-scale experimental and theoretical studies for the realization of bi-directional brain-prostheses |
title_full_unstemmed |
In vitro large-scale experimental and theoretical studies for the realization of bi-directional brain-prostheses |
title_sort |
in vitro large-scale experimental and theoretical studies for the realization of bi-directional brain-prostheses |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Neural Circuits |
issn |
1662-5110 |
publishDate |
2013-03-01 |
description |
Brain-machine interfaces (BMI) were born to control ‘actions from thoughts’ in order to recover motor capability of patients with impaired functional connectivity between the central and peripheral nervous system. The final goal of our studies is the development of a new proof-of-concept BMI - a neuromorphic chip for brain repair - to reproduce the functional organization of a damaged part of the central nervous system. To reach this ambitious goal, we implemented a multidisciplinary ‘bottom-up’ approach in which in vitro networks are the paradigm for the development of an in silico model to be incorporated into a neuromorphic device. In this paper we present the overall strategy and focus on the different building blocks of our studies: (i) the experimental characterization and modeling of ‘finite size networks’ which represent the smallest and most general self-organized circuits capable of generating spontaneous collective dynamics; (ii) the induction of lesions in neuronal networks and the whole brain preparation with special attention on the impact on the functional organization of the circuits; (iii) the first production of a neuromorphic chip able to implement a real-time model of neuronal networks. A dynamical characterization of the finite size circuits with single cell resolution is provided. A neural network model based on Izhikevich neurons was able to replicate the experimental observations. Changes in the dynamics of the neuronal circuits induced by optical and ischemic lesions are presented respectively for in vitro neuronal networks and for a whole brain preparation. Finally the implementation of a neuromorphic chip reproducing the network dynamics in quasi-real time (10 ns precision) is presented. |
topic |
Whole Brain In vitro modular networks lesioned circuits in silico neuronal circuit hardware Spiking Neural Network Finite size networks |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncir.2013.00040/full |
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