The Potential of Raman Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Dysplastic and Malignant Oral Lesions
Early diagnosis, treatment and/or surveillance of oral premalignant lesions are important in preventing progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The current gold standard is through histopathological diagnosis, which is limited by inter- and intra-observer errors and sampling errors. The...
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doaj-0fef255f52684901a4d8b5edd88716bc2021-02-05T00:03:11ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-02-011361961910.3390/cancers13040619The Potential of Raman Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Dysplastic and Malignant Oral LesionsOla Ibrahim0Mary Toner1Stephen Flint2Hugh J. Byrne3Fiona M. Lyng4School of Dental Science, Trinity College Dublin, Lincoln Place, D02 Dublin 2, IrelandCentral Pathology Laboratory, St. James Hospital, James Street, D08 Dublin 8, IrelandOral Medicine Unit, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Lincoln Place, D02 Dublin 2, IrelandFOCAS Research Institute, City Campus, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, D08 Dublin 8, IrelandRadiation and Environmental Science Centre FOCAS Research Institute, City Campus, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, D08 Dublin 8, IrelandEarly diagnosis, treatment and/or surveillance of oral premalignant lesions are important in preventing progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The current gold standard is through histopathological diagnosis, which is limited by inter- and intra-observer errors and sampling errors. The objective of this work was to use Raman spectroscopy to discriminate between benign, mild, moderate and severe dysplasia and OSCC in formalin fixed paraffin preserved (FFPP) tissues. The study included 72 different pathologies from which 17 were benign lesions, 20 mildly dysplastic, 20 moderately dysplastic, 10 severely dysplastic and 5 invasive OSCC. The glass substrate and paraffin wax background were digitally removed and PLSDA with LOPO cross-validation was used to differentiate the pathologies. OSCC could be differentiated from the other pathologies with an accuracy of 70%, while the accuracy of the classifier for benign, moderate and severe dysplasia was ~60%. The accuracy of the classifier was lowest for mild dysplasia (~46%). The main discriminating features were increased nucleic acid contributions and decreased protein and lipid contributions in the epithelium and decreased collagen contributions in the connective tissue. Smoking and the presence of inflammation were found to significantly influence the Raman classification with respective accuracies of 76% and 94%.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/619oral canceroral pre-canceroral dysplasiapremalignant lesionspotentially malignant lesionsRaman spectroscopy |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ola Ibrahim Mary Toner Stephen Flint Hugh J. Byrne Fiona M. Lyng |
spellingShingle |
Ola Ibrahim Mary Toner Stephen Flint Hugh J. Byrne Fiona M. Lyng The Potential of Raman Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Dysplastic and Malignant Oral Lesions Cancers oral cancer oral pre-cancer oral dysplasia premalignant lesions potentially malignant lesions Raman spectroscopy |
author_facet |
Ola Ibrahim Mary Toner Stephen Flint Hugh J. Byrne Fiona M. Lyng |
author_sort |
Ola Ibrahim |
title |
The Potential of Raman Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Dysplastic and Malignant Oral Lesions |
title_short |
The Potential of Raman Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Dysplastic and Malignant Oral Lesions |
title_full |
The Potential of Raman Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Dysplastic and Malignant Oral Lesions |
title_fullStr |
The Potential of Raman Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Dysplastic and Malignant Oral Lesions |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Potential of Raman Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Dysplastic and Malignant Oral Lesions |
title_sort |
potential of raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis of dysplastic and malignant oral lesions |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cancers |
issn |
2072-6694 |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
Early diagnosis, treatment and/or surveillance of oral premalignant lesions are important in preventing progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The current gold standard is through histopathological diagnosis, which is limited by inter- and intra-observer errors and sampling errors. The objective of this work was to use Raman spectroscopy to discriminate between benign, mild, moderate and severe dysplasia and OSCC in formalin fixed paraffin preserved (FFPP) tissues. The study included 72 different pathologies from which 17 were benign lesions, 20 mildly dysplastic, 20 moderately dysplastic, 10 severely dysplastic and 5 invasive OSCC. The glass substrate and paraffin wax background were digitally removed and PLSDA with LOPO cross-validation was used to differentiate the pathologies. OSCC could be differentiated from the other pathologies with an accuracy of 70%, while the accuracy of the classifier for benign, moderate and severe dysplasia was ~60%. The accuracy of the classifier was lowest for mild dysplasia (~46%). The main discriminating features were increased nucleic acid contributions and decreased protein and lipid contributions in the epithelium and decreased collagen contributions in the connective tissue. Smoking and the presence of inflammation were found to significantly influence the Raman classification with respective accuracies of 76% and 94%. |
topic |
oral cancer oral pre-cancer oral dysplasia premalignant lesions potentially malignant lesions Raman spectroscopy |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/619 |
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