Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish

The drastic increase in hallucinogenic compounds in illicit drug markets of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is a worldwide threat. Among these, 2, 5-dimetoxy-4-bromo-amphetamine (DOB) and paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA; marketed as “ecstasy”) are frequently purchased on the dark web and consumed for...

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Main Authors: Micaela Tirri, Luisa Ponzoni, Sabrine Bilel, Raffaella Arfè, Daniela Braida, Mariaelvina Sala, Matteo Marti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-08-01
Series:Brain Sciences
Subjects:
DOB
PMA
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/9/586
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spelling doaj-0ffe1fefd56043dcbc3e720f422bf7562020-11-25T03:43:34ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252020-08-011058658610.3390/brainsci10090586Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult ZebrafishMicaela Tirri0Luisa Ponzoni1Sabrine Bilel2Raffaella Arfè3Daniela Braida4Mariaelvina Sala5Matteo Marti6Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyCNR, Neuroscience Institute, 20162 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyThe drastic increase in hallucinogenic compounds in illicit drug markets of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is a worldwide threat. Among these, 2, 5-dimetoxy-4-bromo-amphetamine (DOB) and paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA; marketed as “ecstasy”) are frequently purchased on the dark web and consumed for recreational purposes during rave/dance parties. In fact, these two substances seem to induce the same effects as MDMA, which could be due to their structural similarities. According to users, DOB and PMA share the same euphoric effects: increasing of the mental state, increasing sociability and empathy. Users also experienced loss of memory, temporal distortion, and paranoia following the repetition of the same thought. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the acute systemic administration of DOB and PMA (0.01–30 mg/kg; i.p.) on motor, sensorimotor (visual, acoustic, and tactile), and startle/PPI responses in CD-1 male mice. Moreover, the pro-psychedelic effect of DOB (0.075–2 mg/kg) and PMA (0.0005–0.5 mg/kg) was investigated by using zebrafish as a model. DOB and PMA administration affected spontaneous locomotion and impaired behaviors and startle/PPI responses in mice. In addition, the two compounds promoted hallucinatory states in zebrafish by reducing the hallucinatory score and swimming activity in hallucinogen-like states.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/9/586DOBhallucinogensmicePMAprepulse inhibitionsensorimotor responses
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Micaela Tirri
Luisa Ponzoni
Sabrine Bilel
Raffaella Arfè
Daniela Braida
Mariaelvina Sala
Matteo Marti
spellingShingle Micaela Tirri
Luisa Ponzoni
Sabrine Bilel
Raffaella Arfè
Daniela Braida
Mariaelvina Sala
Matteo Marti
Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish
Brain Sciences
DOB
hallucinogens
mice
PMA
prepulse inhibition
sensorimotor responses
author_facet Micaela Tirri
Luisa Ponzoni
Sabrine Bilel
Raffaella Arfè
Daniela Braida
Mariaelvina Sala
Matteo Marti
author_sort Micaela Tirri
title Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish
title_short Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish
title_full Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish
title_fullStr Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish
title_full_unstemmed Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish
title_sort acute dob and pma administration impairs motor and sensorimotor responses in mice and causes hallucinogenic effects in adult zebrafish
publisher MDPI AG
series Brain Sciences
issn 2076-3425
publishDate 2020-08-01
description The drastic increase in hallucinogenic compounds in illicit drug markets of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is a worldwide threat. Among these, 2, 5-dimetoxy-4-bromo-amphetamine (DOB) and paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA; marketed as “ecstasy”) are frequently purchased on the dark web and consumed for recreational purposes during rave/dance parties. In fact, these two substances seem to induce the same effects as MDMA, which could be due to their structural similarities. According to users, DOB and PMA share the same euphoric effects: increasing of the mental state, increasing sociability and empathy. Users also experienced loss of memory, temporal distortion, and paranoia following the repetition of the same thought. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the acute systemic administration of DOB and PMA (0.01–30 mg/kg; i.p.) on motor, sensorimotor (visual, acoustic, and tactile), and startle/PPI responses in CD-1 male mice. Moreover, the pro-psychedelic effect of DOB (0.075–2 mg/kg) and PMA (0.0005–0.5 mg/kg) was investigated by using zebrafish as a model. DOB and PMA administration affected spontaneous locomotion and impaired behaviors and startle/PPI responses in mice. In addition, the two compounds promoted hallucinatory states in zebrafish by reducing the hallucinatory score and swimming activity in hallucinogen-like states.
topic DOB
hallucinogens
mice
PMA
prepulse inhibition
sensorimotor responses
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/9/586
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