Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish
The drastic increase in hallucinogenic compounds in illicit drug markets of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is a worldwide threat. Among these, 2, 5-dimetoxy-4-bromo-amphetamine (DOB) and paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA; marketed as “ecstasy”) are frequently purchased on the dark web and consumed for...
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doaj-0ffe1fefd56043dcbc3e720f422bf7562020-11-25T03:43:34ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252020-08-011058658610.3390/brainsci10090586Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult ZebrafishMicaela Tirri0Luisa Ponzoni1Sabrine Bilel2Raffaella Arfè3Daniela Braida4Mariaelvina Sala5Matteo Marti6Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyCNR, Neuroscience Institute, 20162 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyThe drastic increase in hallucinogenic compounds in illicit drug markets of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is a worldwide threat. Among these, 2, 5-dimetoxy-4-bromo-amphetamine (DOB) and paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA; marketed as “ecstasy”) are frequently purchased on the dark web and consumed for recreational purposes during rave/dance parties. In fact, these two substances seem to induce the same effects as MDMA, which could be due to their structural similarities. According to users, DOB and PMA share the same euphoric effects: increasing of the mental state, increasing sociability and empathy. Users also experienced loss of memory, temporal distortion, and paranoia following the repetition of the same thought. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the acute systemic administration of DOB and PMA (0.01–30 mg/kg; i.p.) on motor, sensorimotor (visual, acoustic, and tactile), and startle/PPI responses in CD-1 male mice. Moreover, the pro-psychedelic effect of DOB (0.075–2 mg/kg) and PMA (0.0005–0.5 mg/kg) was investigated by using zebrafish as a model. DOB and PMA administration affected spontaneous locomotion and impaired behaviors and startle/PPI responses in mice. In addition, the two compounds promoted hallucinatory states in zebrafish by reducing the hallucinatory score and swimming activity in hallucinogen-like states.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/9/586DOBhallucinogensmicePMAprepulse inhibitionsensorimotor responses |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Micaela Tirri Luisa Ponzoni Sabrine Bilel Raffaella Arfè Daniela Braida Mariaelvina Sala Matteo Marti |
spellingShingle |
Micaela Tirri Luisa Ponzoni Sabrine Bilel Raffaella Arfè Daniela Braida Mariaelvina Sala Matteo Marti Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish Brain Sciences DOB hallucinogens mice PMA prepulse inhibition sensorimotor responses |
author_facet |
Micaela Tirri Luisa Ponzoni Sabrine Bilel Raffaella Arfè Daniela Braida Mariaelvina Sala Matteo Marti |
author_sort |
Micaela Tirri |
title |
Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish |
title_short |
Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish |
title_full |
Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish |
title_fullStr |
Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish |
title_full_unstemmed |
Acute DOB and PMA Administration Impairs Motor and Sensorimotor Responses in Mice and Causes Hallucinogenic Effects in Adult Zebrafish |
title_sort |
acute dob and pma administration impairs motor and sensorimotor responses in mice and causes hallucinogenic effects in adult zebrafish |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Brain Sciences |
issn |
2076-3425 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
The drastic increase in hallucinogenic compounds in illicit drug markets of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is a worldwide threat. Among these, 2, 5-dimetoxy-4-bromo-amphetamine (DOB) and paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA; marketed as “ecstasy”) are frequently purchased on the dark web and consumed for recreational purposes during rave/dance parties. In fact, these two substances seem to induce the same effects as MDMA, which could be due to their structural similarities. According to users, DOB and PMA share the same euphoric effects: increasing of the mental state, increasing sociability and empathy. Users also experienced loss of memory, temporal distortion, and paranoia following the repetition of the same thought. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the acute systemic administration of DOB and PMA (0.01–30 mg/kg; i.p.) on motor, sensorimotor (visual, acoustic, and tactile), and startle/PPI responses in CD-1 male mice. Moreover, the pro-psychedelic effect of DOB (0.075–2 mg/kg) and PMA (0.0005–0.5 mg/kg) was investigated by using zebrafish as a model. DOB and PMA administration affected spontaneous locomotion and impaired behaviors and startle/PPI responses in mice. In addition, the two compounds promoted hallucinatory states in zebrafish by reducing the hallucinatory score and swimming activity in hallucinogen-like states. |
topic |
DOB hallucinogens mice PMA prepulse inhibition sensorimotor responses |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/9/586 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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