Neural evidence accumulation persists after choice to inform metacognitive judgments

• Main Authors: Peter R Murphy, Ian H Robertson, Siobhán Harty, Redmond G O'Connell
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 2015-12-01
• Series: eLife
• Subjects: metacognition; error detection; decision-making; diffusion model; EEG
• Online Access: https://elifesciences.org/articles/11946

The ability to revise one’s certainty or confidence in a preceding choice is a critical feature of adaptive decision-making but the neural mechanisms underpinning this metacognitive process have yet to be characterized. In the present study, we demonstrate that the same build-to-threshold decision variable signal that triggers an initial choice continues to evolve after commitment, and determines the timing and accuracy of self-initiated error detection reports by selectively representing accumulated evidence that the preceding choice was incorrect. We also show that a peri-choice signal generated in medial frontal cortex provides a source of input to this post-decision accumulation process, indicating that metacognitive judgments are not solely based on the accumulation of feedforward sensory evidence. These findings impart novel insights into the generative mechanisms of metacognition.