Endogenous Cortical Oscillations Constrain Neuromodulation by Weak Electric Fields
Background: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation modality that may modulate cognition by enhancing endogenous neocortical oscillations by application of sine-wave electric fields. Yet, the role of endogenous network activity in enabling and shaping...
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doaj-10b2a46f8cc246f3a477d89badf60b8f2021-03-18T04:38:08ZengElsevierBrain Stimulation1935-861X2014-11-0176878889Endogenous Cortical Oscillations Constrain Neuromodulation by Weak Electric FieldsStephen L. Schmidt0Apoorva K. Iyengar1A. Alban Foulser2Michael R. Boyle3Flavio Fröhlich4Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USADepartment of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USADepartment of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USADepartment of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USADepartment of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Corresponding author. 115 Mason Farm Rd. NRB 4109F, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.Background: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation modality that may modulate cognition by enhancing endogenous neocortical oscillations by application of sine-wave electric fields. Yet, the role of endogenous network activity in enabling and shaping the effects of tACS has remained unclear. Objective: We combined optogenetic stimulation and multichannel slice electrophysiology to elucidate how the effect of a weak sine-wave electric field depends on the ongoing cortical oscillatory activity. We hypothesized that endogenous cortical oscillations constrain neuromodulation by tACS. Methods: We studied the effect of weak sine-wave electric fields on oscillatory activity in mouse neocortical slices. Optogenetic control of the network activity enabled the generation of in vivo-like cortical oscillations for studying the temporal relationship between network activity and sine-wave electric field stimulation. Results: Weak electric fields enhanced endogenous oscillations but failed to induce a frequency shift of the ongoing oscillation for stimulation frequencies that were not matched to the endogenous oscillation. This constraint on the effect of electric field stimulation imposed by endogenous network dynamics was limited to the case of weak electric fields targeting in vivo-like network dynamics. Together, these results suggest that the key mechanism of tACS may be enhancing, but not overriding, intrinsic network dynamics. Conclusion: Our results contribute to understanding the inconsistent tACS results from human studies and propose that stimulation precisely adjusted in frequency to the endogenous oscillations is key to rational design of non-invasive brain stimulation paradigms.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X14002629Transcranial alternating current stimulationtACSOptogeneticsElectric fieldMultielectrode arrayResonance |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Stephen L. Schmidt Apoorva K. Iyengar A. Alban Foulser Michael R. Boyle Flavio Fröhlich |
spellingShingle |
Stephen L. Schmidt Apoorva K. Iyengar A. Alban Foulser Michael R. Boyle Flavio Fröhlich Endogenous Cortical Oscillations Constrain Neuromodulation by Weak Electric Fields Brain Stimulation Transcranial alternating current stimulation tACS Optogenetics Electric field Multielectrode array Resonance |
author_facet |
Stephen L. Schmidt Apoorva K. Iyengar A. Alban Foulser Michael R. Boyle Flavio Fröhlich |
author_sort |
Stephen L. Schmidt |
title |
Endogenous Cortical Oscillations Constrain Neuromodulation by Weak Electric Fields |
title_short |
Endogenous Cortical Oscillations Constrain Neuromodulation by Weak Electric Fields |
title_full |
Endogenous Cortical Oscillations Constrain Neuromodulation by Weak Electric Fields |
title_fullStr |
Endogenous Cortical Oscillations Constrain Neuromodulation by Weak Electric Fields |
title_full_unstemmed |
Endogenous Cortical Oscillations Constrain Neuromodulation by Weak Electric Fields |
title_sort |
endogenous cortical oscillations constrain neuromodulation by weak electric fields |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Brain Stimulation |
issn |
1935-861X |
publishDate |
2014-11-01 |
description |
Background: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation modality that may modulate cognition by enhancing endogenous neocortical oscillations by application of sine-wave electric fields. Yet, the role of endogenous network activity in enabling and shaping the effects of tACS has remained unclear. Objective: We combined optogenetic stimulation and multichannel slice electrophysiology to elucidate how the effect of a weak sine-wave electric field depends on the ongoing cortical oscillatory activity. We hypothesized that endogenous cortical oscillations constrain neuromodulation by tACS. Methods: We studied the effect of weak sine-wave electric fields on oscillatory activity in mouse neocortical slices. Optogenetic control of the network activity enabled the generation of in vivo-like cortical oscillations for studying the temporal relationship between network activity and sine-wave electric field stimulation. Results: Weak electric fields enhanced endogenous oscillations but failed to induce a frequency shift of the ongoing oscillation for stimulation frequencies that were not matched to the endogenous oscillation. This constraint on the effect of electric field stimulation imposed by endogenous network dynamics was limited to the case of weak electric fields targeting in vivo-like network dynamics. Together, these results suggest that the key mechanism of tACS may be enhancing, but not overriding, intrinsic network dynamics. Conclusion: Our results contribute to understanding the inconsistent tACS results from human studies and propose that stimulation precisely adjusted in frequency to the endogenous oscillations is key to rational design of non-invasive brain stimulation paradigms. |
topic |
Transcranial alternating current stimulation tACS Optogenetics Electric field Multielectrode array Resonance |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X14002629 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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