Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide‐treated bed nets
Abstract In spite of widespread insecticide resistance in vector mosquitoes throughout Africa, there is limited evidence that long‐lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs) are failing to protect against malaria. Here, we showed that LLIN contact in the course of host‐seeking resulted in higher mortalit...
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doaj-10ddf190592241d7bd858404ec54405e2020-11-25T03:28:28ZengWileyEvolutionary Applications1752-45712018-04-0111443144110.1111/eva.12574Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide‐treated bed netsKatey D. Glunt0Maureen Coetzee1Silvie Huijben2A. Alphonsine Koffi3Penelope A. Lynch4Raphael N'Guessan5Welbeck A. Oumbouke6Eleanore D. Sternberg7Matthew B. Thomas8Department of Entomology The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USAWits Research Institute for Malaria Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South AfricaISGlobal Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB) Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona SpainInstitut Pierre Richet (IPR) Abidjan Côte d'IvoireCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Penryn Campus University of Exeter Cornwall UKInstitut Pierre Richet (IPR) Abidjan Côte d'IvoireInstitut Pierre Richet (IPR) Abidjan Côte d'IvoireDepartment of Entomology The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USADepartment of Entomology The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USAAbstract In spite of widespread insecticide resistance in vector mosquitoes throughout Africa, there is limited evidence that long‐lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs) are failing to protect against malaria. Here, we showed that LLIN contact in the course of host‐seeking resulted in higher mortality of resistant Anopheles spp. mosquitoes than predicted from standard laboratory exposures with the same net. We also found that sublethal contact with an LLIN caused a reduction in blood feeding and subsequent host‐seeking success in multiple lines of resistant mosquitoes from the laboratory and the field. Using a transmission model, we showed that when these LLIN‐related lethal and sublethal effects were accrued over mosquito lifetimes, they greatly reduced the impact of resistance on malaria transmission potential under conditions of high net coverage. If coverage falls, the epidemiological impact is far more pronounced. Similarly, if the intensity of resistance intensifies, the loss of malaria control increases nonlinearly. Our findings help explain why insecticide resistance has not yet led to wide‐scale failure of LLINs, but reinforce the call for alternative control tools and informed resistance management strategies.https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12574Anophelesinsecticide resistancemalariatransmission |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Katey D. Glunt Maureen Coetzee Silvie Huijben A. Alphonsine Koffi Penelope A. Lynch Raphael N'Guessan Welbeck A. Oumbouke Eleanore D. Sternberg Matthew B. Thomas |
spellingShingle |
Katey D. Glunt Maureen Coetzee Silvie Huijben A. Alphonsine Koffi Penelope A. Lynch Raphael N'Guessan Welbeck A. Oumbouke Eleanore D. Sternberg Matthew B. Thomas Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide‐treated bed nets Evolutionary Applications Anopheles insecticide resistance malaria transmission |
author_facet |
Katey D. Glunt Maureen Coetzee Silvie Huijben A. Alphonsine Koffi Penelope A. Lynch Raphael N'Guessan Welbeck A. Oumbouke Eleanore D. Sternberg Matthew B. Thomas |
author_sort |
Katey D. Glunt |
title |
Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide‐treated bed nets |
title_short |
Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide‐treated bed nets |
title_full |
Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide‐treated bed nets |
title_fullStr |
Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide‐treated bed nets |
title_full_unstemmed |
Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide‐treated bed nets |
title_sort |
empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide‐treated bed nets |
publisher |
Wiley |
series |
Evolutionary Applications |
issn |
1752-4571 |
publishDate |
2018-04-01 |
description |
Abstract In spite of widespread insecticide resistance in vector mosquitoes throughout Africa, there is limited evidence that long‐lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs) are failing to protect against malaria. Here, we showed that LLIN contact in the course of host‐seeking resulted in higher mortality of resistant Anopheles spp. mosquitoes than predicted from standard laboratory exposures with the same net. We also found that sublethal contact with an LLIN caused a reduction in blood feeding and subsequent host‐seeking success in multiple lines of resistant mosquitoes from the laboratory and the field. Using a transmission model, we showed that when these LLIN‐related lethal and sublethal effects were accrued over mosquito lifetimes, they greatly reduced the impact of resistance on malaria transmission potential under conditions of high net coverage. If coverage falls, the epidemiological impact is far more pronounced. Similarly, if the intensity of resistance intensifies, the loss of malaria control increases nonlinearly. Our findings help explain why insecticide resistance has not yet led to wide‐scale failure of LLINs, but reinforce the call for alternative control tools and informed resistance management strategies. |
topic |
Anopheles insecticide resistance malaria transmission |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12574 |
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