Characterization of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Isolates Associated with Commercial Tomato Crops in the Andean Region of Colombia
In Colombia, tomato production under protected conditions represents an important economic contribution to the agricultural sector. <i>Fusarium</i> wilt diseases, caused by pathogenic <i>formae speciales</i> of the soil-borne fungus <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Schlt...
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doaj-10fd44c3b7e24436866239310af754e52020-11-25T02:20:43ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172020-01-01917010.3390/pathogens9010070pathogens9010070Characterization of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Isolates Associated with Commercial Tomato Crops in the Andean Region of ColombiaSandra L. Carmona0Diana Burbano-David1Magda R. Gómez2Walter Lopez3Nelson Ceballos4Jairo Castaño-Zapata5Jaime Simbaqueba6Mauricio Soto-Suárez7Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria. AGROSAVIA, Km 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, Mosquera 250047, ColombiaCorporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria. AGROSAVIA, Km 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, Mosquera 250047, ColombiaCorporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria. AGROSAVIA, Km 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, Mosquera 250047, ColombiaDepartamento de Física y Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Manizales 170004, ColombiaFacultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales 170004, ColombiaFacultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales 170004, ColombiaCorporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria. AGROSAVIA, Km 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, Mosquera 250047, ColombiaCorporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria. AGROSAVIA, Km 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, Mosquera 250047, ColombiaIn Colombia, tomato production under protected conditions represents an important economic contribution to the agricultural sector. <i>Fusarium</i> wilt diseases, caused by pathogenic <i>formae speciales</i> of the soil-borne fungus <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Schltdl., cause significant yield losses in tomatoes throughout the world. Investigation of the <i>F. oxysporum</i>−tomato pathosystem in Colombia is required to develop appropriate alternative disease management. In this study, 120 fungal isolates were obtained from four different departments in the Central Andean Region in Colombia from tomato crops with symptoms of wilt disease. A molecular characterization of the fungal isolates was performed using the <i>SIX1</i>, <i>SIX3</i>, and <i>SIX4</i> effector genes of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>lycopersici</i> W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen (<i>Fol</i>). Additionally, we developed a new specific marker to distinguish between <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>radicis-lycopersici</i> Jarvis & Shoemaker (<i>Forl</i>) and <i>Fol</i> isolates. Furthermore, a phylogenetic analysis using the <i>Translation Elongation Factor 1-alpha</i> (<i>EF1a</i>) gene was performed with the collected isolates. Two isolates (named <i>Fol</i>59 and <i>Fol</i>-UDC10) were identified as <i>Fol</i> race 2, four isolates were identified as <i>Forl</i>, six isolates were identified as <i>F. solani</i>, and most of the isolates were grouped within the <i>F. oxysporum</i> species complex. The phylogenetic tree of <i>EF1a</i> showed that most of the isolates could potentially correspond to nonpathogenic strains of <i>F. oxysporum</i>. Additional pathogenicity assays carried out with <i>Fol</i>59 and <i>Fol-</i>UDC10 confirmed that both isolates were highly virulent strains. This study represents a contribution to the understanding of the local interaction between tomatoes and <i>F. oxysporum</i> in Colombia.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/1/70<i>fusarium</i> wiltphysiological races<i>six</i> genesvirulence<i>forma specialis</i><i>solanaceae</i> |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sandra L. Carmona Diana Burbano-David Magda R. Gómez Walter Lopez Nelson Ceballos Jairo Castaño-Zapata Jaime Simbaqueba Mauricio Soto-Suárez |
spellingShingle |
Sandra L. Carmona Diana Burbano-David Magda R. Gómez Walter Lopez Nelson Ceballos Jairo Castaño-Zapata Jaime Simbaqueba Mauricio Soto-Suárez Characterization of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Isolates Associated with Commercial Tomato Crops in the Andean Region of Colombia Pathogens <i>fusarium</i> wilt physiological races <i>six</i> genes virulence <i>forma specialis</i> <i>solanaceae</i> |
author_facet |
Sandra L. Carmona Diana Burbano-David Magda R. Gómez Walter Lopez Nelson Ceballos Jairo Castaño-Zapata Jaime Simbaqueba Mauricio Soto-Suárez |
author_sort |
Sandra L. Carmona |
title |
Characterization of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Isolates Associated with Commercial Tomato Crops in the Andean Region of Colombia |
title_short |
Characterization of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Isolates Associated with Commercial Tomato Crops in the Andean Region of Colombia |
title_full |
Characterization of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Isolates Associated with Commercial Tomato Crops in the Andean Region of Colombia |
title_fullStr |
Characterization of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Isolates Associated with Commercial Tomato Crops in the Andean Region of Colombia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Isolates Associated with Commercial Tomato Crops in the Andean Region of Colombia |
title_sort |
characterization of pathogenic and nonpathogenic <i>fusarium oxysporum</i> isolates associated with commercial tomato crops in the andean region of colombia |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pathogens |
issn |
2076-0817 |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
In Colombia, tomato production under protected conditions represents an important economic contribution to the agricultural sector. <i>Fusarium</i> wilt diseases, caused by pathogenic <i>formae speciales</i> of the soil-borne fungus <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Schltdl., cause significant yield losses in tomatoes throughout the world. Investigation of the <i>F. oxysporum</i>−tomato pathosystem in Colombia is required to develop appropriate alternative disease management. In this study, 120 fungal isolates were obtained from four different departments in the Central Andean Region in Colombia from tomato crops with symptoms of wilt disease. A molecular characterization of the fungal isolates was performed using the <i>SIX1</i>, <i>SIX3</i>, and <i>SIX4</i> effector genes of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>lycopersici</i> W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen (<i>Fol</i>). Additionally, we developed a new specific marker to distinguish between <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>radicis-lycopersici</i> Jarvis & Shoemaker (<i>Forl</i>) and <i>Fol</i> isolates. Furthermore, a phylogenetic analysis using the <i>Translation Elongation Factor 1-alpha</i> (<i>EF1a</i>) gene was performed with the collected isolates. Two isolates (named <i>Fol</i>59 and <i>Fol</i>-UDC10) were identified as <i>Fol</i> race 2, four isolates were identified as <i>Forl</i>, six isolates were identified as <i>F. solani</i>, and most of the isolates were grouped within the <i>F. oxysporum</i> species complex. The phylogenetic tree of <i>EF1a</i> showed that most of the isolates could potentially correspond to nonpathogenic strains of <i>F. oxysporum</i>. Additional pathogenicity assays carried out with <i>Fol</i>59 and <i>Fol-</i>UDC10 confirmed that both isolates were highly virulent strains. This study represents a contribution to the understanding of the local interaction between tomatoes and <i>F. oxysporum</i> in Colombia. |
topic |
<i>fusarium</i> wilt physiological races <i>six</i> genes virulence <i>forma specialis</i> <i>solanaceae</i> |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/1/70 |
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