A New Approach for the Microencapsulation of Clitoria Ternatea Petal Extracts by a High-Pressure Processing Method
Toxic organic solvent residues and the active substances of thermal degradation (such as anthocyanin and polyphenols) are always a concern with the liposomes produced by traditional techniques. The present study focuses on a new approach for the microencapsulation of <i>Clitoria ternatea</i...
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doaj-1106c23cd1774614b0ff5ff557066d2e2020-12-25T00:05:29ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232021-12-0113232310.3390/pharmaceutics13010023A New Approach for the Microencapsulation of Clitoria Ternatea Petal Extracts by a High-Pressure Processing MethodHua-Wei Chen0Yu-Wei Chang1Wu-Po Fang2Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Ilan University, 1, Sec. 1, Shen-Lung Road, Yilan 260, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Ilan University, 1, Sec. 1, Shen-Lung Road, Yilan 260, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Ilan University, 1, Sec. 1, Shen-Lung Road, Yilan 260, TaiwanToxic organic solvent residues and the active substances of thermal degradation (such as anthocyanin and polyphenols) are always a concern with the liposomes produced by traditional techniques. The present study focuses on a new approach for the microencapsulation of <i>Clitoria ternatea</i> petal (CTP) extracts, which contain anthocyanins, by high-pressure processing (HPP) at room temperature. Thus, a series of CTP liposomes were prepared and their physicochemical properties were analyzed by laser granulometry and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that the average particle size of the liposomes after HPP treatment increased gradually from 300 MPa to 600 MPa, possibly due to the aggregation of liposomes and damage to the phospholipid bilayers. For the preparation of liposomes by the HPP method at 300 MPa, the mean particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency were 240.7 nm, 0.37, and 77.8%, respectively. The HPP method provided a number of advantages over conventional methods (magnet stirring and ultrasonication) as it could allow liposome preparation with higher encapsulation efficiency, smaller size, and narrower, more reproducible particle size distribution. Conclusively, microencapsulation in the liposomes was successfully achieved with the fast-adiabatic expansion of HPP.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/1/23<i>Clitoria ternatea</i>High-Pressure Processingmicroencapsulationliposomeultrasonication |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hua-Wei Chen Yu-Wei Chang Wu-Po Fang |
spellingShingle |
Hua-Wei Chen Yu-Wei Chang Wu-Po Fang A New Approach for the Microencapsulation of Clitoria Ternatea Petal Extracts by a High-Pressure Processing Method Pharmaceutics <i>Clitoria ternatea</i> High-Pressure Processing microencapsulation liposome ultrasonication |
author_facet |
Hua-Wei Chen Yu-Wei Chang Wu-Po Fang |
author_sort |
Hua-Wei Chen |
title |
A New Approach for the Microencapsulation of Clitoria Ternatea Petal Extracts by a High-Pressure Processing Method |
title_short |
A New Approach for the Microencapsulation of Clitoria Ternatea Petal Extracts by a High-Pressure Processing Method |
title_full |
A New Approach for the Microencapsulation of Clitoria Ternatea Petal Extracts by a High-Pressure Processing Method |
title_fullStr |
A New Approach for the Microencapsulation of Clitoria Ternatea Petal Extracts by a High-Pressure Processing Method |
title_full_unstemmed |
A New Approach for the Microencapsulation of Clitoria Ternatea Petal Extracts by a High-Pressure Processing Method |
title_sort |
new approach for the microencapsulation of clitoria ternatea petal extracts by a high-pressure processing method |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pharmaceutics |
issn |
1999-4923 |
publishDate |
2021-12-01 |
description |
Toxic organic solvent residues and the active substances of thermal degradation (such as anthocyanin and polyphenols) are always a concern with the liposomes produced by traditional techniques. The present study focuses on a new approach for the microencapsulation of <i>Clitoria ternatea</i> petal (CTP) extracts, which contain anthocyanins, by high-pressure processing (HPP) at room temperature. Thus, a series of CTP liposomes were prepared and their physicochemical properties were analyzed by laser granulometry and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that the average particle size of the liposomes after HPP treatment increased gradually from 300 MPa to 600 MPa, possibly due to the aggregation of liposomes and damage to the phospholipid bilayers. For the preparation of liposomes by the HPP method at 300 MPa, the mean particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency were 240.7 nm, 0.37, and 77.8%, respectively. The HPP method provided a number of advantages over conventional methods (magnet stirring and ultrasonication) as it could allow liposome preparation with higher encapsulation efficiency, smaller size, and narrower, more reproducible particle size distribution. Conclusively, microencapsulation in the liposomes was successfully achieved with the fast-adiabatic expansion of HPP. |
topic |
<i>Clitoria ternatea</i> High-Pressure Processing microencapsulation liposome ultrasonication |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/1/23 |
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