High levels of T lymphocyte activation in <it>Leishmania</it>-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral load
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic inf...
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doaj-110d4b3f3c794a43b9088c867d405a4d2020-11-25T01:49:42ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342010-12-0110135810.1186/1471-2334-10-358High levels of T lymphocyte activation in <it>Leishmania</it>-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral loadGrinsztejn BeatrizMattos Marise SOliveira-Neto Manoel PGoto HiroLindoso JoseAmato Valdir SAlexandrino de Oliveira PriscillaGiacoia-Gripp Carmem BWSantos-Oliveira Joanna RMorgado Mariza GDa-Cruz Alda M<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To address this issue we analyzed CD4<sup>+ </sup>T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8<sup>+ </sup>T cells expressing CD38 in <it>Leishmania</it>/HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4<sup>+ </sup>T cell counts under 200 cells/mm<sup>3</sup>, differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm<sup>3</sup>). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4<sup>+ </sup>T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8<sup>+ </sup>T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p><it>Leishmania </it>infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4<sup>+ </sup>T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.</p> http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/10/358 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Grinsztejn Beatriz Mattos Marise S Oliveira-Neto Manoel P Goto Hiro Lindoso Jose Amato Valdir S Alexandrino de Oliveira Priscilla Giacoia-Gripp Carmem BW Santos-Oliveira Joanna R Morgado Mariza G Da-Cruz Alda M |
spellingShingle |
Grinsztejn Beatriz Mattos Marise S Oliveira-Neto Manoel P Goto Hiro Lindoso Jose Amato Valdir S Alexandrino de Oliveira Priscilla Giacoia-Gripp Carmem BW Santos-Oliveira Joanna R Morgado Mariza G Da-Cruz Alda M High levels of T lymphocyte activation in <it>Leishmania</it>-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral load BMC Infectious Diseases |
author_facet |
Grinsztejn Beatriz Mattos Marise S Oliveira-Neto Manoel P Goto Hiro Lindoso Jose Amato Valdir S Alexandrino de Oliveira Priscilla Giacoia-Gripp Carmem BW Santos-Oliveira Joanna R Morgado Mariza G Da-Cruz Alda M |
author_sort |
Grinsztejn Beatriz |
title |
High levels of T lymphocyte activation in <it>Leishmania</it>-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral load |
title_short |
High levels of T lymphocyte activation in <it>Leishmania</it>-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral load |
title_full |
High levels of T lymphocyte activation in <it>Leishmania</it>-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral load |
title_fullStr |
High levels of T lymphocyte activation in <it>Leishmania</it>-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral load |
title_full_unstemmed |
High levels of T lymphocyte activation in <it>Leishmania</it>-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral load |
title_sort |
high levels of t lymphocyte activation in <it>leishmania</it>-hiv-1 co-infected individuals despite low hiv viral load |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1471-2334 |
publishDate |
2010-12-01 |
description |
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Concomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To address this issue we analyzed CD4<sup>+ </sup>T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8<sup>+ </sup>T cells expressing CD38 in <it>Leishmania</it>/HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4<sup>+ </sup>T cell counts under 200 cells/mm<sup>3</sup>, differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm<sup>3</sup>). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4<sup>+ </sup>T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8<sup>+ </sup>T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p><it>Leishmania </it>infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4<sup>+ </sup>T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.</p> |
url |
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/10/358 |
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