Regional Suppression of <em>Bactrocera</em> Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Pacific through Biological Control and Prospects for Future Introductions into Other Areas of the World
<em>Bactrocera</em> fruit fly species are economically important throughout the Pacific. The USDA, ARS U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center has been a world leader in promoting biological control of <em>Bactrocera</em> spp. that incl...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2012-08-01
|
Series: | Insects |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/3/3/727 |
id |
doaj-1145cfd15d7945c1abdfac4e6cc94de7 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-1145cfd15d7945c1abdfac4e6cc94de72020-11-25T00:13:08ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502012-08-013372774210.3390/insects3030727Regional Suppression of <em>Bactrocera</em> Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Pacific through Biological Control and Prospects for Future Introductions into Other Areas of the WorldRoger I. VargasLuc LeblancErnest J. HarrisNicholas C. Manoukis<em>Bactrocera</em> fruit fly species are economically important throughout the Pacific. The USDA, ARS U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center has been a world leader in promoting biological control of <em>Bactrocera</em> spp. that includes classical, augmentative, conservation and IPM approaches. In Hawaii, establishment of <em>Bactrocera</em> <em>cucurbitae</em> (Coquillett) in 1895 resulted in the introduction of the most successful parasitoid, <em>Psyttalia</em> <em>fletcheri</em> (Silvestri); similarly, establishment of <em>Bactrocera</em> <em>dorsalis</em> (Hendel) in 1945 resulted in the introduction of 32 natural enemies of which <em>Fopius</em> <em>arisanus</em> (Sonan), <em>Diachasmimorpha</em> <em>longicaudata</em> (Ashmead) and <em>Fopius</em> <em>vandenboschi</em> (Fullaway) were most successful. Hawaii has also been a source of parasitoids for fruit fly control throughout the Pacific region including Australia, Pacific Island Nations, Central and South America, not only for <em>Bactrocera</em> spp. but also for <em>Ceratitis</em> and <em>Anastrepha</em> spp. Most recently, in 2002, <em>F.</em> <em>arisanus</em> was introduced into French Polynesia where <em>B.</em> <em>dorsalis</em> had invaded in 1996. Establishment of <em>D.</em> <em>longicaudata</em> into the new world has been important to augmentative biological control releases against <em>Anastrepha</em> spp. With the rapid expansion of airline travel and global trade there has been an alarming spread of <em>Bactrocera</em> spp. into new areas of the world (<em>i.e.</em>, South America and Africa). Results of studies in Hawaii and French Polynesia, support parasitoid introductions into South America and Africa, where <em>B.</em> <em>carambolae</em> and <em>B.</em> <em>invadens</em>, respectively, have become established. In addition, <em>P.</em> <em>fletcheri</em> is a candidate for biological control of <em>B.</em> <em>cucurbitae</em> in Africa. We review past and more recent successes against <em>Bactrocera</em> spp. and related tephritids, and outline simple rearing and release methods to facilitate this goal.http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/3/3/727parasitoidsBraconidaeTephritidae<em>Bactrocera</em>Hawaii |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Roger I. Vargas Luc Leblanc Ernest J. Harris Nicholas C. Manoukis |
spellingShingle |
Roger I. Vargas Luc Leblanc Ernest J. Harris Nicholas C. Manoukis Regional Suppression of <em>Bactrocera</em> Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Pacific through Biological Control and Prospects for Future Introductions into Other Areas of the World Insects parasitoids Braconidae Tephritidae <em>Bactrocera</em> Hawaii |
author_facet |
Roger I. Vargas Luc Leblanc Ernest J. Harris Nicholas C. Manoukis |
author_sort |
Roger I. Vargas |
title |
Regional Suppression of <em>Bactrocera</em> Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Pacific through Biological Control and Prospects for Future Introductions into Other Areas of the World |
title_short |
Regional Suppression of <em>Bactrocera</em> Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Pacific through Biological Control and Prospects for Future Introductions into Other Areas of the World |
title_full |
Regional Suppression of <em>Bactrocera</em> Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Pacific through Biological Control and Prospects for Future Introductions into Other Areas of the World |
title_fullStr |
Regional Suppression of <em>Bactrocera</em> Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Pacific through Biological Control and Prospects for Future Introductions into Other Areas of the World |
title_full_unstemmed |
Regional Suppression of <em>Bactrocera</em> Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Pacific through Biological Control and Prospects for Future Introductions into Other Areas of the World |
title_sort |
regional suppression of <em>bactrocera</em> fruit flies (diptera: tephritidae) in the pacific through biological control and prospects for future introductions into other areas of the world |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Insects |
issn |
2075-4450 |
publishDate |
2012-08-01 |
description |
<em>Bactrocera</em> fruit fly species are economically important throughout the Pacific. The USDA, ARS U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center has been a world leader in promoting biological control of <em>Bactrocera</em> spp. that includes classical, augmentative, conservation and IPM approaches. In Hawaii, establishment of <em>Bactrocera</em> <em>cucurbitae</em> (Coquillett) in 1895 resulted in the introduction of the most successful parasitoid, <em>Psyttalia</em> <em>fletcheri</em> (Silvestri); similarly, establishment of <em>Bactrocera</em> <em>dorsalis</em> (Hendel) in 1945 resulted in the introduction of 32 natural enemies of which <em>Fopius</em> <em>arisanus</em> (Sonan), <em>Diachasmimorpha</em> <em>longicaudata</em> (Ashmead) and <em>Fopius</em> <em>vandenboschi</em> (Fullaway) were most successful. Hawaii has also been a source of parasitoids for fruit fly control throughout the Pacific region including Australia, Pacific Island Nations, Central and South America, not only for <em>Bactrocera</em> spp. but also for <em>Ceratitis</em> and <em>Anastrepha</em> spp. Most recently, in 2002, <em>F.</em> <em>arisanus</em> was introduced into French Polynesia where <em>B.</em> <em>dorsalis</em> had invaded in 1996. Establishment of <em>D.</em> <em>longicaudata</em> into the new world has been important to augmentative biological control releases against <em>Anastrepha</em> spp. With the rapid expansion of airline travel and global trade there has been an alarming spread of <em>Bactrocera</em> spp. into new areas of the world (<em>i.e.</em>, South America and Africa). Results of studies in Hawaii and French Polynesia, support parasitoid introductions into South America and Africa, where <em>B.</em> <em>carambolae</em> and <em>B.</em> <em>invadens</em>, respectively, have become established. In addition, <em>P.</em> <em>fletcheri</em> is a candidate for biological control of <em>B.</em> <em>cucurbitae</em> in Africa. We review past and more recent successes against <em>Bactrocera</em> spp. and related tephritids, and outline simple rearing and release methods to facilitate this goal. |
topic |
parasitoids Braconidae Tephritidae <em>Bactrocera</em> Hawaii |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/3/3/727 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT rogerivargas regionalsuppressionofltemgtbactroceraltemgtfruitfliesdipteratephritidaeinthepacificthroughbiologicalcontrolandprospectsforfutureintroductionsintootherareasoftheworld AT lucleblanc regionalsuppressionofltemgtbactroceraltemgtfruitfliesdipteratephritidaeinthepacificthroughbiologicalcontrolandprospectsforfutureintroductionsintootherareasoftheworld AT ernestjharris regionalsuppressionofltemgtbactroceraltemgtfruitfliesdipteratephritidaeinthepacificthroughbiologicalcontrolandprospectsforfutureintroductionsintootherareasoftheworld AT nicholascmanoukis regionalsuppressionofltemgtbactroceraltemgtfruitfliesdipteratephritidaeinthepacificthroughbiologicalcontrolandprospectsforfutureintroductionsintootherareasoftheworld |
_version_ |
1725396230203244544 |