New Class of Efficient T<sub>2</sub> Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent: Carbon-Coated Paramagnetic Dysprosium Oxide Nanoparticles

New Class of Efficient T<sub>2</sub> Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent: Carbon-Coated Paramagnetic Dysprosium Oxide Nanoparticles

Nanoparticles are considered potential candidates for a new class of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Negative MRI contrast agents require high magnetic moments. However, if nanoparticles can exclusively induce transverse water proton spin relaxation with negligible induction of lon...

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Main Authors: Huan Yue, Ji Ae Park, Son Long Ho, Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad, Hyunsil Cha, Shuwen Liu, Tirusew Tegafaw, Shanti Marasini, Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari, Soyeon Kim, Kwon Seok Chae, Yongmin Chang, Gang Ho Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-10-01
Series:Pharmaceuticals
Subjects:
dysprosium oxide nanoparticle
carbon coating
efficient contrast agent
T<sub>2</sub> magnetic resonance imaging
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/10/312
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spelling doaj-1184fa90f680485db041508242fae1832020-11-25T03:59:41ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472020-10-011331231210.3390/ph13100312New Class of Efficient T<sub>2</sub> Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent: Carbon-Coated Paramagnetic Dysprosium Oxide NanoparticlesHuan Yue0Ji Ae Park1Son Long Ho2Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad3Hyunsil Cha4Shuwen Liu5Tirusew Tegafaw6Shanti Marasini7Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari8Soyeon Kim9Kwon Seok Chae10Yongmin Chang11Gang Ho Lee12Department of Chemistry, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, KoreaDivision of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01817, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Medical & Biological Engineering, DNN, School of Medicine, KNU and Hospital, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Medical & Biological Engineering, DNN, School of Medicine, KNU and Hospital, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Biology Education, DNN, Teachers’ College, KNU, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Medical & Biological Engineering, DNN, School of Medicine, KNU and Hospital, Taegu 41566, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (DNN), College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 41566, KoreaNanoparticles are considered potential candidates for a new class of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Negative MRI contrast agents require high magnetic moments. However, if nanoparticles can exclusively induce transverse water proton spin relaxation with negligible induction of longitudinal water proton spin relaxation, they may provide negative contrast MR images despite having low magnetic moments, thus acting as an efficient T<sub>2</sub> MRI contrast agent. In this study, carbon-coated paramagnetic dysprosium oxide (DYO@C) nanoparticles (core = DYO = Dy<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub>; shell = carbon) were synthesized to explore their potential as an efficient T<sub>2</sub> MRI contrast agent at 3.0 T MR field. Since the core DYO nanoparticles have an appreciable (but not high) magnetic moment that arises from fast 4f-electrons of Dy(III) (<sup>6</sup>H<sub>15/2</sub>), the DYO@C nanoparticles exhibited an appreciable transverse water proton spin relaxivity (r<sub>2</sub>) with a negligible longitudinal water proton spin relaxivity (r<sub>1</sub>). Consequently, they acted as a very efficient T<sub>2</sub> MRI contrast agent, as proven from negative contrast enhancements seen in the in vivo T<sub>2</sub> MR images.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/10/312dysprosium oxide nanoparticlecarbon coatingefficient contrast agentT<sub>2</sub> magnetic resonance imaging
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Huan Yue
Ji Ae Park
Son Long Ho
Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad
Hyunsil Cha
Shuwen Liu
Tirusew Tegafaw
Shanti Marasini
Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari
Soyeon Kim
Kwon Seok Chae
Yongmin Chang
Gang Ho Lee
spellingShingle Huan Yue
Ji Ae Park
Son Long Ho
Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad
Hyunsil Cha
Shuwen Liu
Tirusew Tegafaw
Shanti Marasini
Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari
Soyeon Kim
Kwon Seok Chae
Yongmin Chang
Gang Ho Lee
New Class of Efficient T<sub>2</sub> Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent: Carbon-Coated Paramagnetic Dysprosium Oxide Nanoparticles
Pharmaceuticals
dysprosium oxide nanoparticle
carbon coating
efficient contrast agent
T<sub>2</sub> magnetic resonance imaging
author_facet Huan Yue
Ji Ae Park
Son Long Ho
Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad
Hyunsil Cha
Shuwen Liu
Tirusew Tegafaw
Shanti Marasini
Adibehalsadat Ghazanfari
Soyeon Kim
Kwon Seok Chae
Yongmin Chang
Gang Ho Lee
author_sort Huan Yue
title New Class of Efficient T<sub>2</sub> Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent: Carbon-Coated Paramagnetic Dysprosium Oxide Nanoparticles
title_short New Class of Efficient T<sub>2</sub> Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent: Carbon-Coated Paramagnetic Dysprosium Oxide Nanoparticles
title_full New Class of Efficient T<sub>2</sub> Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent: Carbon-Coated Paramagnetic Dysprosium Oxide Nanoparticles
title_fullStr New Class of Efficient T<sub>2</sub> Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent: Carbon-Coated Paramagnetic Dysprosium Oxide Nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed New Class of Efficient T<sub>2</sub> Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent: Carbon-Coated Paramagnetic Dysprosium Oxide Nanoparticles
title_sort new class of efficient t<sub>2</sub> magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent: carbon-coated paramagnetic dysprosium oxide nanoparticles
publisher MDPI AG
series Pharmaceuticals
issn 1424-8247
publishDate 2020-10-01
description Nanoparticles are considered potential candidates for a new class of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Negative MRI contrast agents require high magnetic moments. However, if nanoparticles can exclusively induce transverse water proton spin relaxation with negligible induction of longitudinal water proton spin relaxation, they may provide negative contrast MR images despite having low magnetic moments, thus acting as an efficient T<sub>2</sub> MRI contrast agent. In this study, carbon-coated paramagnetic dysprosium oxide (DYO@C) nanoparticles (core = DYO = Dy<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub>; shell = carbon) were synthesized to explore their potential as an efficient T<sub>2</sub> MRI contrast agent at 3.0 T MR field. Since the core DYO nanoparticles have an appreciable (but not high) magnetic moment that arises from fast 4f-electrons of Dy(III) (<sup>6</sup>H<sub>15/2</sub>), the DYO@C nanoparticles exhibited an appreciable transverse water proton spin relaxivity (r<sub>2</sub>) with a negligible longitudinal water proton spin relaxivity (r<sub>1</sub>). Consequently, they acted as a very efficient T<sub>2</sub> MRI contrast agent, as proven from negative contrast enhancements seen in the in vivo T<sub>2</sub> MR images.
topic dysprosium oxide nanoparticle
carbon coating
efficient contrast agent
T<sub>2</sub> magnetic resonance imaging
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/10/312
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