Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease—A Novel Risk Factor for Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Infection
Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infections (rCDI) have a substantial impact on healthcare systems, with limited and often expensive therapeutic options. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects about 25% of the adult population and is associated with metabolic syndrome,...
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doaj-11a03d6a70f74ff8a9d59b69ae38dc712021-07-23T13:28:02ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-06-011078078010.3390/antibiotics10070780Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease—A Novel Risk Factor for Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> InfectionLara Šamadan0Mia Jeličić1Adriana Vince2Neven Papić3School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaSchool of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaSchool of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaRecurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infections (rCDI) have a substantial impact on healthcare systems, with limited and often expensive therapeutic options. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects about 25% of the adult population and is associated with metabolic syndrome, changes in gut microbiome and bile acids biosynthesis, all possibly related with rCDI. The aim of this study was to determine whether NAFLD is a risk factor associated with rCDI. A retrospective cohort study included patients ≥ 60 years hospitalized with CDI. The cohort was divided into two groups: those who were and were not readmitted with CDI within 3 months of discharge. Of the 329 patients included, 107 patients (32.5%) experienced rCDI. Patients with rCDI were older, had higher Charlson Age–Comorbidity Index (CACI) and were more frequently hospitalized within 3 months. Except for chronic kidney disease and NAFLD, which were more frequent in the rCDI group, there were no differences in other comorbidities, antibiotic classes used and duration of antimicrobial therapy. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that age >75 years, NAFLD, CACI >6, chronic kidney disease, statins and immobility were associated with rCDI. In conclusion, our study identified NAFLD as a possible new host-related risk factor associated with rCDI.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/7/780<i>Clostridioides difficile</i> associated diseaseCDInonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseNAFLDNASHrecurrent disease |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lara Šamadan Mia Jeličić Adriana Vince Neven Papić |
spellingShingle |
Lara Šamadan Mia Jeličić Adriana Vince Neven Papić Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease—A Novel Risk Factor for Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Infection Antibiotics <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> associated disease CDI nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD NASH recurrent disease |
author_facet |
Lara Šamadan Mia Jeličić Adriana Vince Neven Papić |
author_sort |
Lara Šamadan |
title |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease—A Novel Risk Factor for Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Infection |
title_short |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease—A Novel Risk Factor for Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Infection |
title_full |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease—A Novel Risk Factor for Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Infection |
title_fullStr |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease—A Novel Risk Factor for Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Infection |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease—A Novel Risk Factor for Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Infection |
title_sort |
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease—a novel risk factor for recurrent <i>clostridioides difficile</i> infection |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Antibiotics |
issn |
2079-6382 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infections (rCDI) have a substantial impact on healthcare systems, with limited and often expensive therapeutic options. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects about 25% of the adult population and is associated with metabolic syndrome, changes in gut microbiome and bile acids biosynthesis, all possibly related with rCDI. The aim of this study was to determine whether NAFLD is a risk factor associated with rCDI. A retrospective cohort study included patients ≥ 60 years hospitalized with CDI. The cohort was divided into two groups: those who were and were not readmitted with CDI within 3 months of discharge. Of the 329 patients included, 107 patients (32.5%) experienced rCDI. Patients with rCDI were older, had higher Charlson Age–Comorbidity Index (CACI) and were more frequently hospitalized within 3 months. Except for chronic kidney disease and NAFLD, which were more frequent in the rCDI group, there were no differences in other comorbidities, antibiotic classes used and duration of antimicrobial therapy. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that age >75 years, NAFLD, CACI >6, chronic kidney disease, statins and immobility were associated with rCDI. In conclusion, our study identified NAFLD as a possible new host-related risk factor associated with rCDI. |
topic |
<i>Clostridioides difficile</i> associated disease CDI nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD NASH recurrent disease |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/7/780 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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