Chromatic Sensor to Determine Oxygen Presence for Applications in Intelligent Packaging
A chromatic sensor has been designed for the detection of oxygen in package headspace. The sensor is based on the redox change of methylene blue (MB) to its leuco form. Its formulation includes the pigment, glycerol, as a sacrificial electron donor, TiO<sub>2</sub>, as a photocatalyst an...
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4684 |
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doaj-11c482c989294f78a1bb966d9d3a6c5a2020-11-25T01:35:03ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-10-011921468410.3390/s19214684s19214684Chromatic Sensor to Determine Oxygen Presence for Applications in Intelligent PackagingGracia López-Carballo0Virginia Muriel-Galet1Pilar Hernández-Muñoz2Rafael Gavara3Packaging Group, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, CSIC, Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, SpainPackaging Group, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, CSIC, Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, SpainPackaging Group, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, CSIC, Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, SpainPackaging Group, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, CSIC, Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, SpainA chromatic sensor has been designed for the detection of oxygen in package headspace. The sensor is based on the redox change of methylene blue (MB) to its leuco form. Its formulation includes the pigment, glycerol, as a sacrificial electron donor, TiO<sub>2</sub>, as a photocatalyst and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), as a structural polymer matrix. The final sensor design that allows its manufacture by conventional printing and laminating technologies consists of the sensing polymer matrix (MB-EVOH) sandwiched in a suitable transparent multilayer structure. The outer layers protect the sensor from the external atmosphere and allow visualization of the colour. The inner layer is sufficiently opaque to facilitate sensor reading from the outside, is thick enough to avoid direct contact with food (functional barrier), and is oxygen-permeable to expose the sensing material to the internal package atmosphere. In the absence of oxygen, the sensor becomes white by irradiation with halogen lamps in less than 60 s. All components are substances permitted for food contact except the pigment, but specific migration analysis showed no trace of migration thanks to the functional barrier included in the design.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4684intelligent packagingoxygen sensormethylene bluelight activationretortable |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Gracia López-Carballo Virginia Muriel-Galet Pilar Hernández-Muñoz Rafael Gavara |
spellingShingle |
Gracia López-Carballo Virginia Muriel-Galet Pilar Hernández-Muñoz Rafael Gavara Chromatic Sensor to Determine Oxygen Presence for Applications in Intelligent Packaging Sensors intelligent packaging oxygen sensor methylene blue light activation retortable |
author_facet |
Gracia López-Carballo Virginia Muriel-Galet Pilar Hernández-Muñoz Rafael Gavara |
author_sort |
Gracia López-Carballo |
title |
Chromatic Sensor to Determine Oxygen Presence for Applications in Intelligent Packaging |
title_short |
Chromatic Sensor to Determine Oxygen Presence for Applications in Intelligent Packaging |
title_full |
Chromatic Sensor to Determine Oxygen Presence for Applications in Intelligent Packaging |
title_fullStr |
Chromatic Sensor to Determine Oxygen Presence for Applications in Intelligent Packaging |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chromatic Sensor to Determine Oxygen Presence for Applications in Intelligent Packaging |
title_sort |
chromatic sensor to determine oxygen presence for applications in intelligent packaging |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Sensors |
issn |
1424-8220 |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
A chromatic sensor has been designed for the detection of oxygen in package headspace. The sensor is based on the redox change of methylene blue (MB) to its leuco form. Its formulation includes the pigment, glycerol, as a sacrificial electron donor, TiO<sub>2</sub>, as a photocatalyst and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), as a structural polymer matrix. The final sensor design that allows its manufacture by conventional printing and laminating technologies consists of the sensing polymer matrix (MB-EVOH) sandwiched in a suitable transparent multilayer structure. The outer layers protect the sensor from the external atmosphere and allow visualization of the colour. The inner layer is sufficiently opaque to facilitate sensor reading from the outside, is thick enough to avoid direct contact with food (functional barrier), and is oxygen-permeable to expose the sensing material to the internal package atmosphere. In the absence of oxygen, the sensor becomes white by irradiation with halogen lamps in less than 60 s. All components are substances permitted for food contact except the pigment, but specific migration analysis showed no trace of migration thanks to the functional barrier included in the design. |
topic |
intelligent packaging oxygen sensor methylene blue light activation retortable |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/21/4684 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT gracialopezcarballo chromaticsensortodetermineoxygenpresenceforapplicationsinintelligentpackaging AT virginiamurielgalet chromaticsensortodetermineoxygenpresenceforapplicationsinintelligentpackaging AT pilarhernandezmunoz chromaticsensortodetermineoxygenpresenceforapplicationsinintelligentpackaging AT rafaelgavara chromaticsensortodetermineoxygenpresenceforapplicationsinintelligentpackaging |
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