A Systematic Review of Technologies, Control Methods, and Optimization for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles
For smart cities using clean energy, optimal energy management has made the development of electric vehicles more popular. However, the fear of range anxiety—that a vehicle has insufficient range to reach its destination—is slowing down the adoption of EVs. The integration of an auxiliary power unit...
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doaj-11dbb2ca26c44cf19ddf4ad21e5b22bc2021-08-06T15:19:44ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-07-01117095709510.3390/app11157095A Systematic Review of Technologies, Control Methods, and Optimization for Extended-Range Electric VehiclesDavid Sebastian Puma-Benavides0Javier Izquierdo-Reyes1Juan de Dios Calderon-Najera2Ricardo A. Ramirez-Mendoza3School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, MexicoSchool of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, MexicoMicrosystems Technology Laboratories, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USASchool of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, MexicoFor smart cities using clean energy, optimal energy management has made the development of electric vehicles more popular. However, the fear of range anxiety—that a vehicle has insufficient range to reach its destination—is slowing down the adoption of EVs. The integration of an auxiliary power unit (APU) can extend the range of a vehicle, making them more attractive to consumers. The increased interest in optimizing electric vehicles is generating research around range extenders. These days, many systems and configurations of extended-range electric vehicles (EREVs) have been proposed to recover energy. However, it is necessary to summarize all those efforts made by researchers and industry to find the optimal solution regarding range extenders. This paper analyzes the most relevant technologies that recover energy, the current topologies and configurations of EREVs, and the state-of-the-art in control methods used to manage energy. The analysis presented mainly focuses on finding maximum fuel economy, reducing emissions, minimizing the system’s costs, and providing optimal driving performance. Our summary and evaluation of range extenders for electric vehicles seeks to guide researchers and automakers to generate new topologies and configurations for EVs with optimized range, improved functionality, and low emissions.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/15/7095extended range electric vehicletechnologiesoptimization methodsEREV key componentslevel optimization |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
David Sebastian Puma-Benavides Javier Izquierdo-Reyes Juan de Dios Calderon-Najera Ricardo A. Ramirez-Mendoza |
spellingShingle |
David Sebastian Puma-Benavides Javier Izquierdo-Reyes Juan de Dios Calderon-Najera Ricardo A. Ramirez-Mendoza A Systematic Review of Technologies, Control Methods, and Optimization for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles Applied Sciences extended range electric vehicle technologies optimization methods EREV key components level optimization |
author_facet |
David Sebastian Puma-Benavides Javier Izquierdo-Reyes Juan de Dios Calderon-Najera Ricardo A. Ramirez-Mendoza |
author_sort |
David Sebastian Puma-Benavides |
title |
A Systematic Review of Technologies, Control Methods, and Optimization for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles |
title_short |
A Systematic Review of Technologies, Control Methods, and Optimization for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles |
title_full |
A Systematic Review of Technologies, Control Methods, and Optimization for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles |
title_fullStr |
A Systematic Review of Technologies, Control Methods, and Optimization for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Systematic Review of Technologies, Control Methods, and Optimization for Extended-Range Electric Vehicles |
title_sort |
systematic review of technologies, control methods, and optimization for extended-range electric vehicles |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Applied Sciences |
issn |
2076-3417 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
For smart cities using clean energy, optimal energy management has made the development of electric vehicles more popular. However, the fear of range anxiety—that a vehicle has insufficient range to reach its destination—is slowing down the adoption of EVs. The integration of an auxiliary power unit (APU) can extend the range of a vehicle, making them more attractive to consumers. The increased interest in optimizing electric vehicles is generating research around range extenders. These days, many systems and configurations of extended-range electric vehicles (EREVs) have been proposed to recover energy. However, it is necessary to summarize all those efforts made by researchers and industry to find the optimal solution regarding range extenders. This paper analyzes the most relevant technologies that recover energy, the current topologies and configurations of EREVs, and the state-of-the-art in control methods used to manage energy. The analysis presented mainly focuses on finding maximum fuel economy, reducing emissions, minimizing the system’s costs, and providing optimal driving performance. Our summary and evaluation of range extenders for electric vehicles seeks to guide researchers and automakers to generate new topologies and configurations for EVs with optimized range, improved functionality, and low emissions. |
topic |
extended range electric vehicle technologies optimization methods EREV key components level optimization |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/15/7095 |
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