Hybrid Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave Heterogeneous Networks
Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) employing massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and millimeter-wave (mmWave) technologies have emerged as a promising solution to enhance the network capacity and coverage of next-generation 5G cellular networks. However, the use of traditional fully-digital...
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doaj-12835160dfbc4486bfedb13c2e5c3bba2020-11-25T01:33:15ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922019-01-018213310.3390/electronics8020133electronics8020133Hybrid Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave Heterogeneous NetworksMostafa Hefnawi0Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, CanadaHeterogeneous networks (HetNets) employing massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and millimeter-wave (mmWave) technologies have emerged as a promising solution to enhance the network capacity and coverage of next-generation 5G cellular networks. However, the use of traditional fully-digital MIMO beamforming methods, which require one radio frequency (RF) chain per antenna element, is not practical for large-scale antenna arrays, due to the high cost and high power consumption. To reduce the number of RF chains, hybrid analog and digital beamforming has been proposed as an alternative structure. In this paper, therefore, we consider a HetNet formed with one macro-cell base station (MBS) and multiple small-cell base stations (SBSs) equipped with large-scale antenna arrays that employ hybrid analog and digital beamforming. The analog beamforming weight vectors of the MBS and the SBSs correspond to the the best-fixed multi-beams obtained by eigendecomposition schemes. On the other hand, digital beamforming weights are optimized to maximize the receive signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the effective channels consisting of the cascade of the analog beamforming weights and the actual channel. The performance is evaluated in terms of the beampatterns and the ergodic channel capacity and shows that the proposed hybrid beamforming scheme achieves near-optimal performance with only four RF chains while requiring considerably less computational complexity.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/8/2/133hybrid beamformingmassive MIMOHetNetsmmWaves |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mostafa Hefnawi |
spellingShingle |
Mostafa Hefnawi Hybrid Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave Heterogeneous Networks Electronics hybrid beamforming massive MIMO HetNets mmWaves |
author_facet |
Mostafa Hefnawi |
author_sort |
Mostafa Hefnawi |
title |
Hybrid Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave Heterogeneous Networks |
title_short |
Hybrid Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave Heterogeneous Networks |
title_full |
Hybrid Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave Heterogeneous Networks |
title_fullStr |
Hybrid Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave Heterogeneous Networks |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hybrid Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave Heterogeneous Networks |
title_sort |
hybrid beamforming for millimeter-wave heterogeneous networks |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Electronics |
issn |
2079-9292 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) employing massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and millimeter-wave (mmWave) technologies have emerged as a promising solution to enhance the network capacity and coverage of next-generation 5G cellular networks. However, the use of traditional fully-digital MIMO beamforming methods, which require one radio frequency (RF) chain per antenna element, is not practical for large-scale antenna arrays, due to the high cost and high power consumption. To reduce the number of RF chains, hybrid analog and digital beamforming has been proposed as an alternative structure. In this paper, therefore, we consider a HetNet formed with one macro-cell base station (MBS) and multiple small-cell base stations (SBSs) equipped with large-scale antenna arrays that employ hybrid analog and digital beamforming. The analog beamforming weight vectors of the MBS and the SBSs correspond to the the best-fixed multi-beams obtained by eigendecomposition schemes. On the other hand, digital beamforming weights are optimized to maximize the receive signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the effective channels consisting of the cascade of the analog beamforming weights and the actual channel. The performance is evaluated in terms of the beampatterns and the ergodic channel capacity and shows that the proposed hybrid beamforming scheme achieves near-optimal performance with only four RF chains while requiring considerably less computational complexity. |
topic |
hybrid beamforming massive MIMO HetNets mmWaves |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/8/2/133 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT mostafahefnawi hybridbeamformingformillimeterwaveheterogeneousnetworks |
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