Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses: a clinical and morphological study of 17 patients from Southern Brazil Lipofuscinoses ceróides neuronais: estudo clínico e morfológico de 17 pacientes do Sul do Brasil

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) are a group of inherited progressive neurodegenerative disorders with presentation from infancy to adulthood. Three main childhood forms can be established on the basis of age of onset, clinical course, and ultrastructural morphology: infantile (INCL), late i...

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Main Authors: ANA CRISTINA S PUGA, LAURA B JARDIM, LEILA CHIMELLI, CAROLINA F M DE SOUZA, MARTA CLIVATI
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Academia Brasileira de Neurologia (ABNEURO) 2000-09-01
Series:Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2000000400001
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Summary:The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) are a group of inherited progressive neurodegenerative disorders with presentation from infancy to adulthood. Three main childhood forms can be established on the basis of age of onset, clinical course, and ultrastructural morphology: infantile (INCL), late infantile (LINCL), and juvenile (JNCL). Several variant subtypes have been described. Genetic and biochemical analysis are helping to better understand, diagnose and classify these disorders. We report on clinical, neurophysiological, neuroradiological, and morphological data from 17 patients with different forms (infantile, late infantile, and juvenile ) of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) evaluated at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, during 6 years (1992-1997). Seven cases were infantile; 5 were late infantile; and 5 were juvenile NCL. Gender ratio was male:female, 11:6. Age at presentation varied from 2-24 months for INCL; 2,5 to 5 years for LINCL ; and 4-10 years for the JNCL cases. Seizures (6 patients) and psychomotor retardation (1 patient) were the initial symptoms in the INCL group. All the patients in the group of LINCL had the usual findings. JNCL patients manifested different initial symptoms, although tending to follow a similar clinical picture within familial cases. Epidemiological data on the prevalence of NCLs in Brazil are not available, we expect this series of cases to contribute to further research in our population.<br>As lipofuscinoses ceroides neuronais (LCN) constituem um grupo de desordens neurodegenerativas, progressivas e de origem genética. O início dos sintomas varia desde a infancia até a vida adulta. Três principais formas infantis são estabelecidas com base na idade de início, evolução clínica e morfologia celular, através de microscopia eletrônica: infantil (LCNI), infantil tardia (LCNIT) e juvenil (LCNJ). Vários subtipos têm sido descritos. Investigação genética e bioquímica vem possibilitando melhor entendimento, diagnóstico e classificação destas desordens. Relatamos achados clínicos, neurofisiológicos, neurorradiológicos e morfológicos de 17 pacientes com diferentes formas de LCN (infantil, infantil tardia e juvenil), avaliados no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, durante 6 anos (1992-1997). Tivemos 7 diagnósticos de LCNI, 5 de LCNIT, e 5 casos de LCNJ. Proporção entre gêneros foi 11:6 (masculino:feminino). Convulsões (6 pacientes) e retardo psicomotor (1 paciente) foram os sintomas iniciais no grupo LCNI. Todos os casos de LCNIT tiveram achados usuais. Os pacientes com LCNJ apresentaram diferentes sintomas iniciais, embora tendendo a similaridade em casos familiais. Não há dados epidemiológicos sobre LCN no Brasil. Esperamos que esta serie de casos contribua para maior investigação deste grupo de desordens em nossa população.
ISSN:0004-282X
1678-4227