Antiphospholipid antibody: laboratory, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations

• Main Authors: T. Ziglioli, S. Cartella, C. Casu, A. Tincani, R. Cattaneo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: PAGEPress Publications 2011-06-01
• Series: Reumatismo
• Online Access: http://www.reumatismo.org/index.php/reuma/article/view/465

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) represent a heterogeneous group of antibodies that recognize various antigenic targets including beta2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI), prothrombin (PT), activated protein C, tissue plasminogen activator, plasmin and annexin A2. The most commonly used tests to detect aPL are: lupus anticoagulant (LAC), a functional coagulation assay, anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) and anti-β2GPI antibody (anti-β2GPI), which are enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Clinically aPL are associated with thrombosis and/or with pregnancy morbidity. Apparently aPL alone are unable to induce thrombotic manifestations, but they increase the risk of vascular events that can occur in the presence of another thrombophilic condition; on the other hand obstetrical manifestations were shown to be associated not only to thrombosis but mainly to a direct antibody effect on the trophoblast.