The Effects of Crocodile Blood Supplementation on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness
Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is associated with increases in acute inflammatory and biochemical markers, muscle swelling, pain, and reduced functional performance. This study aimed to investigate the preventative effects of crocodile blood supplementation on DOMS induced by eccentric exercis...
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doaj-139c50f1c0dc4f53b8d2d50f507a55262021-07-23T13:58:43ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-07-01132312231210.3390/nu13072312The Effects of Crocodile Blood Supplementation on Delayed-Onset Muscle SorenessChirawat Paratthakonkun0Vipu Vimuttipong1Alisa Nana2Kornkit Chaijenkij3Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri4Dumrongkiet Arthan5College of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, ThailandCollege of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, ThailandCollege of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, ThailandCollege of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, ThailandDepartment of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandDepartment of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, ThailandDelayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is associated with increases in acute inflammatory and biochemical markers, muscle swelling, pain, and reduced functional performance. This study aimed to investigate the preventative effects of crocodile blood supplementation on DOMS induced by eccentric exercise. Sixteen healthy males were randomly allocated to either a crocodile blood (CB, <i>n</i> = 8) or a placebo (PL, <i>n</i> = 8) treatment. Participants receiving the CB treatment consumed four capsules of freeze–dried CB powder (1 g day<sup>−1</sup>) over 18 days. Participants receiving the other treatment were administered a placebo over the same period. An eccentric exercise protocol was performed, and functional performance, visual analogue scale (VAS)-measured pain, knee range of movement (ROM), thigh circumference (swelling), and cytokines, enzymes, and biochemical parameters were assessed immediately after exercise as well as after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. CB supplementation could significantly maintain maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) at 24 h (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and 48 h after exercise (<i>p</i> = 0.001) when comparing values at different times for the CB group. In the CB group, thigh circumference decreased only immediately after eccentric exercise (<i>p</i> = 0.031) in comparison with pre-eccentric exercise values. An 18-day supplementation (1 g day<sup>−1</sup>) of crocodile blood does aid in the maintenance of functional performance and muscle swelling after eccentric exercise. Our data indicate that 1 g day<sup>−1</sup> of crocodile blood supplementation should be safe for human consumption.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/7/2312DOMSeccentric exercisecrocodile blood |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Chirawat Paratthakonkun Vipu Vimuttipong Alisa Nana Kornkit Chaijenkij Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri Dumrongkiet Arthan |
spellingShingle |
Chirawat Paratthakonkun Vipu Vimuttipong Alisa Nana Kornkit Chaijenkij Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri Dumrongkiet Arthan The Effects of Crocodile Blood Supplementation on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness Nutrients DOMS eccentric exercise crocodile blood |
author_facet |
Chirawat Paratthakonkun Vipu Vimuttipong Alisa Nana Kornkit Chaijenkij Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri Dumrongkiet Arthan |
author_sort |
Chirawat Paratthakonkun |
title |
The Effects of Crocodile Blood Supplementation on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness |
title_short |
The Effects of Crocodile Blood Supplementation on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness |
title_full |
The Effects of Crocodile Blood Supplementation on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness |
title_fullStr |
The Effects of Crocodile Blood Supplementation on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Effects of Crocodile Blood Supplementation on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness |
title_sort |
effects of crocodile blood supplementation on delayed-onset muscle soreness |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is associated with increases in acute inflammatory and biochemical markers, muscle swelling, pain, and reduced functional performance. This study aimed to investigate the preventative effects of crocodile blood supplementation on DOMS induced by eccentric exercise. Sixteen healthy males were randomly allocated to either a crocodile blood (CB, <i>n</i> = 8) or a placebo (PL, <i>n</i> = 8) treatment. Participants receiving the CB treatment consumed four capsules of freeze–dried CB powder (1 g day<sup>−1</sup>) over 18 days. Participants receiving the other treatment were administered a placebo over the same period. An eccentric exercise protocol was performed, and functional performance, visual analogue scale (VAS)-measured pain, knee range of movement (ROM), thigh circumference (swelling), and cytokines, enzymes, and biochemical parameters were assessed immediately after exercise as well as after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. CB supplementation could significantly maintain maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) at 24 h (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and 48 h after exercise (<i>p</i> = 0.001) when comparing values at different times for the CB group. In the CB group, thigh circumference decreased only immediately after eccentric exercise (<i>p</i> = 0.031) in comparison with pre-eccentric exercise values. An 18-day supplementation (1 g day<sup>−1</sup>) of crocodile blood does aid in the maintenance of functional performance and muscle swelling after eccentric exercise. Our data indicate that 1 g day<sup>−1</sup> of crocodile blood supplementation should be safe for human consumption. |
topic |
DOMS eccentric exercise crocodile blood |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/7/2312 |
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