Exploring relationships between host genome and microbiome: new insights from genome-wide association studies.
As our understanding of the human microbiome expands, impacts on health and disease continue to be revealed. Alterations in the microbiome can result in dysbiosis, which has now been linked to subsequent autoimmune and metabolic diseases, highlighting the need to identify factors that shape the micr...
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doaj-14083e20286c4381bf21ade3c160741d2020-11-24T22:05:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2016-10-01710.3389/fmicb.2016.01611212027Exploring relationships between host genome and microbiome: new insights from genome-wide association studies.Muslihudeen Abdul-Razaq Abdul-Aziz0Alan Cooper1Laura S. Weyrich2Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of AdelaideAustralian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of AdelaideAustralian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, University of AdelaideAs our understanding of the human microbiome expands, impacts on health and disease continue to be revealed. Alterations in the microbiome can result in dysbiosis, which has now been linked to subsequent autoimmune and metabolic diseases, highlighting the need to identify factors that shape the microbiome. Research has identified that the composition and functions of the human microbiome can be influenced by diet, age, gender, and environment. More recently, studies have explored how human genetic variation may also influence the microbiome. Here, we review several recent analytical advances in this new research area, including those that use genome-wide association studies to examine host genome-microbiome interactions, while controlling for the influence of other factors. We find that current research is limited by small sample sizes, lack of cohort replication, and insufficient confirmatory mechanistic studies. In addition, we discuss the importance of understanding long-term interactions between the host genome and microbiome, as well as the potential impacts of disrupting this relationship, and explore new research avenues that may provide information about the co-evolutionary history of humans and their microorganisms.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01611/fullSymbiosisGWASmicrobiotamicrobiomeANCIENT DNAModel organisms |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Muslihudeen Abdul-Razaq Abdul-Aziz Alan Cooper Laura S. Weyrich |
spellingShingle |
Muslihudeen Abdul-Razaq Abdul-Aziz Alan Cooper Laura S. Weyrich Exploring relationships between host genome and microbiome: new insights from genome-wide association studies. Frontiers in Microbiology Symbiosis GWAS microbiota microbiome ANCIENT DNA Model organisms |
author_facet |
Muslihudeen Abdul-Razaq Abdul-Aziz Alan Cooper Laura S. Weyrich |
author_sort |
Muslihudeen Abdul-Razaq Abdul-Aziz |
title |
Exploring relationships between host genome and microbiome: new insights from genome-wide association studies. |
title_short |
Exploring relationships between host genome and microbiome: new insights from genome-wide association studies. |
title_full |
Exploring relationships between host genome and microbiome: new insights from genome-wide association studies. |
title_fullStr |
Exploring relationships between host genome and microbiome: new insights from genome-wide association studies. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exploring relationships between host genome and microbiome: new insights from genome-wide association studies. |
title_sort |
exploring relationships between host genome and microbiome: new insights from genome-wide association studies. |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
issn |
1664-302X |
publishDate |
2016-10-01 |
description |
As our understanding of the human microbiome expands, impacts on health and disease continue to be revealed. Alterations in the microbiome can result in dysbiosis, which has now been linked to subsequent autoimmune and metabolic diseases, highlighting the need to identify factors that shape the microbiome. Research has identified that the composition and functions of the human microbiome can be influenced by diet, age, gender, and environment. More recently, studies have explored how human genetic variation may also influence the microbiome. Here, we review several recent analytical advances in this new research area, including those that use genome-wide association studies to examine host genome-microbiome interactions, while controlling for the influence of other factors. We find that current research is limited by small sample sizes, lack of cohort replication, and insufficient confirmatory mechanistic studies. In addition, we discuss the importance of understanding long-term interactions between the host genome and microbiome, as well as the potential impacts of disrupting this relationship, and explore new research avenues that may provide information about the co-evolutionary history of humans and their microorganisms. |
topic |
Symbiosis GWAS microbiota microbiome ANCIENT DNA Model organisms |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01611/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT muslihudeenabdulrazaqabdulaziz exploringrelationshipsbetweenhostgenomeandmicrobiomenewinsightsfromgenomewideassociationstudies AT alancooper exploringrelationshipsbetweenhostgenomeandmicrobiomenewinsightsfromgenomewideassociationstudies AT laurasweyrich exploringrelationshipsbetweenhostgenomeandmicrobiomenewinsightsfromgenomewideassociationstudies |
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