Main Morphological Characteristics of Tubular Polymeric Scaffolds to Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration—A Scoping Review
The “nerve guide conduits” (NGC) used in nerve regeneration must mimic the natural environment for proper cell behavior. Objective: To describe the main morphological characteristics of polymeric NGC to promote nerve regeneration. Methods: A scoping review was performed following the Preferred Repor...
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doaj-145d0d06eac44a98ac0ea008ea51b50e2021-08-06T15:30:13ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-07-01132563256310.3390/polym13152563Main Morphological Characteristics of Tubular Polymeric Scaffolds to Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration—A Scoping ReviewJosefa Alarcón Apablaza0María Florencia Lezcano1Alex Lopez Marquez2Karina Godoy Sánchez3Gonzalo H. Oporto4Fernando José Dias5Research Centre in Dental Sciences (CICO-UFRO), Dental School—Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileResearch Centre in Dental Sciences (CICO-UFRO), Dental School—Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileHAWK—Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften und Kunst, 37085 Göttingen, GermanyScientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileResearch Centre in Dental Sciences (CICO-UFRO), Dental School—Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileResearch Centre in Dental Sciences (CICO-UFRO), Dental School—Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, ChileThe “nerve guide conduits” (NGC) used in nerve regeneration must mimic the natural environment for proper cell behavior. Objective: To describe the main morphological characteristics of polymeric NGC to promote nerve regeneration. Methods: A scoping review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) criteria in the PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases. Primary studies that considered/evaluated morphological characteristics of NGC to promote nerve regeneration were included. Result: A total of 704 studies were found, of which 52 were selected. The NGC main morphological characteristics found in the literature were: (I) NGC diameter affects the mechanical properties of the scaffold. (II) Wall thickness of NGC determines the exchange of nutrients, molecules, and neurotrophins between the internal and external environment; and influences the mechanical properties and biodegradation, similarly to NGC (III) porosity, (IV) pore size, and (V) pore distribution. The (VI) alignment of the NGC fibers influences the phenotype of cells involved in nerve regeneration. In addition, the (VII) thickness of the polymeric fiber influences neurite extension and orientation. Conclusions: An NGC should have its diameter adjusted to the nerve with wall thickness, porosity, pore size, and distribution of pores, to favor vascularization, permeability, and exchange of nutrients, and retention of neurotrophic factors, also favoring its mechanical properties and biodegradability.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/15/2563tissue engineeringpolymernerve scaffoldmorphologyperipheral nerve regenerationregenerative biology |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Josefa Alarcón Apablaza María Florencia Lezcano Alex Lopez Marquez Karina Godoy Sánchez Gonzalo H. Oporto Fernando José Dias |
spellingShingle |
Josefa Alarcón Apablaza María Florencia Lezcano Alex Lopez Marquez Karina Godoy Sánchez Gonzalo H. Oporto Fernando José Dias Main Morphological Characteristics of Tubular Polymeric Scaffolds to Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration—A Scoping Review Polymers tissue engineering polymer nerve scaffold morphology peripheral nerve regeneration regenerative biology |
author_facet |
Josefa Alarcón Apablaza María Florencia Lezcano Alex Lopez Marquez Karina Godoy Sánchez Gonzalo H. Oporto Fernando José Dias |
author_sort |
Josefa Alarcón Apablaza |
title |
Main Morphological Characteristics of Tubular Polymeric Scaffolds to Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration—A Scoping Review |
title_short |
Main Morphological Characteristics of Tubular Polymeric Scaffolds to Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration—A Scoping Review |
title_full |
Main Morphological Characteristics of Tubular Polymeric Scaffolds to Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration—A Scoping Review |
title_fullStr |
Main Morphological Characteristics of Tubular Polymeric Scaffolds to Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration—A Scoping Review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Main Morphological Characteristics of Tubular Polymeric Scaffolds to Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration—A Scoping Review |
title_sort |
main morphological characteristics of tubular polymeric scaffolds to promote peripheral nerve regeneration—a scoping review |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Polymers |
issn |
2073-4360 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
The “nerve guide conduits” (NGC) used in nerve regeneration must mimic the natural environment for proper cell behavior. Objective: To describe the main morphological characteristics of polymeric NGC to promote nerve regeneration. Methods: A scoping review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) criteria in the PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases. Primary studies that considered/evaluated morphological characteristics of NGC to promote nerve regeneration were included. Result: A total of 704 studies were found, of which 52 were selected. The NGC main morphological characteristics found in the literature were: (I) NGC diameter affects the mechanical properties of the scaffold. (II) Wall thickness of NGC determines the exchange of nutrients, molecules, and neurotrophins between the internal and external environment; and influences the mechanical properties and biodegradation, similarly to NGC (III) porosity, (IV) pore size, and (V) pore distribution. The (VI) alignment of the NGC fibers influences the phenotype of cells involved in nerve regeneration. In addition, the (VII) thickness of the polymeric fiber influences neurite extension and orientation. Conclusions: An NGC should have its diameter adjusted to the nerve with wall thickness, porosity, pore size, and distribution of pores, to favor vascularization, permeability, and exchange of nutrients, and retention of neurotrophic factors, also favoring its mechanical properties and biodegradability. |
topic |
tissue engineering polymer nerve scaffold morphology peripheral nerve regeneration regenerative biology |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/15/2563 |
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