The Expression, Functions and Mechanisms of Circular RNAs in Gynecological Cancers
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed, endogenous non-coding RNAs and certain circRNAs are linked to human tumors. Owing to their circular form, circRNAs are protected from degradation by exonucleases, and therefore, they are more stable than linear RNAs. Many circRNAs have been shown to sp...
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doaj-14dac0e8c2a44a4bb0058509b3d79bb82020-11-25T02:50:10ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-06-01121472147210.3390/cancers12061472The Expression, Functions and Mechanisms of Circular RNAs in Gynecological CancersPeixin Dong0Daozhi Xu1Ying Xiong2Junming Yue3Kei Ihira4Yosuke Konno5Hidemichi Watari6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, JapanDepartment of Gynecology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, ChinaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, JapanCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed, endogenous non-coding RNAs and certain circRNAs are linked to human tumors. Owing to their circular form, circRNAs are protected from degradation by exonucleases, and therefore, they are more stable than linear RNAs. Many circRNAs have been shown to sponge microRNAs, interact with RNA-binding proteins, regulate gene transcription, and be translated into proteins. Mounting evidence suggests that circRNAs are dysregulated in cancer tissues and can mediate various signaling pathways, thus affecting tumorigenesis, metastasis, and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. First, we review the characteristics, biogenesis, and biological functions of circRNAs, and describe various mechanistic models of circRNAs. Then, we provide a systematic overview of the functional roles of circRNAs in gynecological cancers. Finally, we describe the potential future applications of circRNAs as biomarkers for prognostic stratification and as therapeutic targets in gynecological cancers. Although the function of most circRNAs remains elusive, some individual circRNAs have biologically relevant functions in cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer. Certain circRNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in gynecological cancers.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/6/1472circular RNAgynecological cancerbiomarkernon-coding RNAcancer diagnosiscancer treatment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Peixin Dong Daozhi Xu Ying Xiong Junming Yue Kei Ihira Yosuke Konno Hidemichi Watari |
spellingShingle |
Peixin Dong Daozhi Xu Ying Xiong Junming Yue Kei Ihira Yosuke Konno Hidemichi Watari The Expression, Functions and Mechanisms of Circular RNAs in Gynecological Cancers Cancers circular RNA gynecological cancer biomarker non-coding RNA cancer diagnosis cancer treatment |
author_facet |
Peixin Dong Daozhi Xu Ying Xiong Junming Yue Kei Ihira Yosuke Konno Hidemichi Watari |
author_sort |
Peixin Dong |
title |
The Expression, Functions and Mechanisms of Circular RNAs in Gynecological Cancers |
title_short |
The Expression, Functions and Mechanisms of Circular RNAs in Gynecological Cancers |
title_full |
The Expression, Functions and Mechanisms of Circular RNAs in Gynecological Cancers |
title_fullStr |
The Expression, Functions and Mechanisms of Circular RNAs in Gynecological Cancers |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Expression, Functions and Mechanisms of Circular RNAs in Gynecological Cancers |
title_sort |
expression, functions and mechanisms of circular rnas in gynecological cancers |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cancers |
issn |
2072-6694 |
publishDate |
2020-06-01 |
description |
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed, endogenous non-coding RNAs and certain circRNAs are linked to human tumors. Owing to their circular form, circRNAs are protected from degradation by exonucleases, and therefore, they are more stable than linear RNAs. Many circRNAs have been shown to sponge microRNAs, interact with RNA-binding proteins, regulate gene transcription, and be translated into proteins. Mounting evidence suggests that circRNAs are dysregulated in cancer tissues and can mediate various signaling pathways, thus affecting tumorigenesis, metastasis, and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. First, we review the characteristics, biogenesis, and biological functions of circRNAs, and describe various mechanistic models of circRNAs. Then, we provide a systematic overview of the functional roles of circRNAs in gynecological cancers. Finally, we describe the potential future applications of circRNAs as biomarkers for prognostic stratification and as therapeutic targets in gynecological cancers. Although the function of most circRNAs remains elusive, some individual circRNAs have biologically relevant functions in cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer. Certain circRNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in gynecological cancers. |
topic |
circular RNA gynecological cancer biomarker non-coding RNA cancer diagnosis cancer treatment |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/6/1472 |
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