The influence of bubbles on the perception carbonation bite.
Although many people naively assume that the bite of carbonation is due to tactile stimulation of the oral cavity by bubbles, it has become increasingly clear that carbonation bite comes mainly from formation of carbonic acid in the oral mucosa. In Experiment 1, we asked whether bubbles were in fact...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013-01-01
|
Series: | PLoS ONE |
Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3749224?pdf=render |
id |
doaj-1504b4539f634024960bebee8160080f |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-1504b4539f634024960bebee8160080f2020-11-24T22:00:28ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-0188e7148810.1371/journal.pone.0071488The influence of bubbles on the perception carbonation bite.Paul M WiseMadeline WolfStephen R ThomBruce BryantAlthough many people naively assume that the bite of carbonation is due to tactile stimulation of the oral cavity by bubbles, it has become increasingly clear that carbonation bite comes mainly from formation of carbonic acid in the oral mucosa. In Experiment 1, we asked whether bubbles were in fact required to perceive carbonation bite. Subjects rated oral pungency from several concentrations of carbonated water both at normal atmospheric pressure (at which bubbles could form) and at 2.0 atmospheres pressure (at which bubbles did not form). Ratings of carbonation bite under the two pressure conditions were essentially identical, indicating that bubbles are not required for pungency. In Experiment 2, we created controlled streams of air bubbles around the tongue in mildly pungent CO2 solutions to determine how tactile stimulation from bubbles affects carbonation bite. Since innocuous sensations like light touch and cooling often suppress pain, we predicted that bubbles might reduce rated bite. Contrary to prediction, air bubbles flowing around the tongue significantly enhanced rated bite, without inducing perceived bite in blank (un-carbonated) solutions. Accordingly, though bubbles are clearly not required for carbonation bite, they may well modulate perceived bite. More generally, the results show that innocuous tactile stimulation can enhance chemogenic pain. Possible physiological mechanisms are discussed.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3749224?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Paul M Wise Madeline Wolf Stephen R Thom Bruce Bryant |
spellingShingle |
Paul M Wise Madeline Wolf Stephen R Thom Bruce Bryant The influence of bubbles on the perception carbonation bite. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Paul M Wise Madeline Wolf Stephen R Thom Bruce Bryant |
author_sort |
Paul M Wise |
title |
The influence of bubbles on the perception carbonation bite. |
title_short |
The influence of bubbles on the perception carbonation bite. |
title_full |
The influence of bubbles on the perception carbonation bite. |
title_fullStr |
The influence of bubbles on the perception carbonation bite. |
title_full_unstemmed |
The influence of bubbles on the perception carbonation bite. |
title_sort |
influence of bubbles on the perception carbonation bite. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2013-01-01 |
description |
Although many people naively assume that the bite of carbonation is due to tactile stimulation of the oral cavity by bubbles, it has become increasingly clear that carbonation bite comes mainly from formation of carbonic acid in the oral mucosa. In Experiment 1, we asked whether bubbles were in fact required to perceive carbonation bite. Subjects rated oral pungency from several concentrations of carbonated water both at normal atmospheric pressure (at which bubbles could form) and at 2.0 atmospheres pressure (at which bubbles did not form). Ratings of carbonation bite under the two pressure conditions were essentially identical, indicating that bubbles are not required for pungency. In Experiment 2, we created controlled streams of air bubbles around the tongue in mildly pungent CO2 solutions to determine how tactile stimulation from bubbles affects carbonation bite. Since innocuous sensations like light touch and cooling often suppress pain, we predicted that bubbles might reduce rated bite. Contrary to prediction, air bubbles flowing around the tongue significantly enhanced rated bite, without inducing perceived bite in blank (un-carbonated) solutions. Accordingly, though bubbles are clearly not required for carbonation bite, they may well modulate perceived bite. More generally, the results show that innocuous tactile stimulation can enhance chemogenic pain. Possible physiological mechanisms are discussed. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3749224?pdf=render |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT paulmwise theinfluenceofbubblesontheperceptioncarbonationbite AT madelinewolf theinfluenceofbubblesontheperceptioncarbonationbite AT stephenrthom theinfluenceofbubblesontheperceptioncarbonationbite AT brucebryant theinfluenceofbubblesontheperceptioncarbonationbite AT paulmwise influenceofbubblesontheperceptioncarbonationbite AT madelinewolf influenceofbubblesontheperceptioncarbonationbite AT stephenrthom influenceofbubblesontheperceptioncarbonationbite AT brucebryant influenceofbubblesontheperceptioncarbonationbite |
_version_ |
1725844312676106240 |