Andrographolide Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Activation through JNK-Akt-p65 Signaling Cascade in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Critical vascular inflammation leads to vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases, including abdominal aortic aneurysms, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Andrographolide is the most active and critical constituent isolated from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata, a herbal medicine widely...
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doaj-157d293efd324352b187c4c1a85a2f582020-11-25T00:21:15ZengHindawi LimitedThe Scientific World Journal2356-61401537-744X2014-01-01201410.1155/2014/130381130381Andrographolide Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Activation through JNK-Akt-p65 Signaling Cascade in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Vascular Smooth Muscle CellsYu-Ying Chen0Ming-Jen Hsu1Cheng-Ying Hsieh2Lin-Wen Lee3Zhih-Cherng Chen4Joen-Rong Sheu5Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanCritical vascular inflammation leads to vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases, including abdominal aortic aneurysms, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Andrographolide is the most active and critical constituent isolated from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata, a herbal medicine widely used for treating anti-inflammation in Asia. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of andrographolide in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exposed to a proinflammatory stimulus, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Treating TNF-α-stimulated VSMCs with andrographolide suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in a concentration-dependent manner. A reduction in TNF-α-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), Akt, and p65 phosphorylation was observed in andrographolide-treated VSMCs. However, andrographolide affected neither IκBα degradation nor p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase or extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation under these conditions. Both treatment with LY294002, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt inhibitor, and treatment with SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, markedly reversed the andrographolide-mediated inhibition of p65 phosphorylation. In addition, LY294002 and SP600125 both diminished Akt phosphorylation, whereas LY294002 had no effects on JNK phosphorylation. These results collectively suggest that therapeutic interventions using andrographolide can benefit the treatment of vascular inflammatory diseases, and andrographolide-mediated inhibition of NF-κB activity in TNF-α-stimulated VSMCs occurs through the JNK-Akt-p65 signaling cascade, an IκBα-independent mechanism.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/130381 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yu-Ying Chen Ming-Jen Hsu Cheng-Ying Hsieh Lin-Wen Lee Zhih-Cherng Chen Joen-Rong Sheu |
spellingShingle |
Yu-Ying Chen Ming-Jen Hsu Cheng-Ying Hsieh Lin-Wen Lee Zhih-Cherng Chen Joen-Rong Sheu Andrographolide Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Activation through JNK-Akt-p65 Signaling Cascade in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells The Scientific World Journal |
author_facet |
Yu-Ying Chen Ming-Jen Hsu Cheng-Ying Hsieh Lin-Wen Lee Zhih-Cherng Chen Joen-Rong Sheu |
author_sort |
Yu-Ying Chen |
title |
Andrographolide Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Activation through JNK-Akt-p65 Signaling Cascade in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells |
title_short |
Andrographolide Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Activation through JNK-Akt-p65 Signaling Cascade in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells |
title_full |
Andrographolide Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Activation through JNK-Akt-p65 Signaling Cascade in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells |
title_fullStr |
Andrographolide Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Activation through JNK-Akt-p65 Signaling Cascade in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells |
title_full_unstemmed |
Andrographolide Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Activation through JNK-Akt-p65 Signaling Cascade in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Stimulated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells |
title_sort |
andrographolide inhibits nuclear factor-κb activation through jnk-akt-p65 signaling cascade in tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
The Scientific World Journal |
issn |
2356-6140 1537-744X |
publishDate |
2014-01-01 |
description |
Critical vascular inflammation leads to vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases, including abdominal aortic aneurysms, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Andrographolide is the most active and critical constituent isolated from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata, a herbal medicine widely used for treating anti-inflammation in Asia. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of andrographolide in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exposed to a proinflammatory stimulus, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Treating TNF-α-stimulated VSMCs with andrographolide suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in a concentration-dependent manner. A reduction in TNF-α-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), Akt, and p65 phosphorylation was observed in andrographolide-treated VSMCs. However, andrographolide affected neither IκBα degradation nor p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase or extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation under these conditions. Both treatment with LY294002, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt inhibitor, and treatment with SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, markedly reversed the andrographolide-mediated inhibition of p65 phosphorylation. In addition, LY294002 and SP600125 both diminished Akt phosphorylation, whereas LY294002 had no effects on JNK phosphorylation. These results collectively suggest that therapeutic interventions using andrographolide can benefit the treatment of vascular inflammatory diseases, and andrographolide-mediated inhibition of NF-κB activity in TNF-α-stimulated VSMCs occurs through the JNK-Akt-p65 signaling cascade, an IκBα-independent mechanism. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/130381 |
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