Characterization of Biomarker Levels in Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Hantavirus Fever with Renal Syndrome
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) are important viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF), especially in the Balkan region. Infections with Dobrava or Puumala orthohantavirus and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus can vary from a mild, nonspeci...
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doaj-16958b5a30d54370a802848a26cf7d892020-11-25T00:13:43ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152019-07-0111868610.3390/v11080686v11080686Characterization of Biomarker Levels in Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Hantavirus Fever with Renal SyndromeMiša Korva0Katarina Resman Rus1Miša Pavletič2Ana Saksida3Nataša Knap4Mateja Jelovšek5Katja Strašek Smrdel6Xhevat Jakupi7Isme Humolli8Jusuf Dedushaj9Miroslav Petrovec10Tatjana Avšič-Županc11Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaNational Institute of Public Health of Kosovo, 10000 Pristina, SerbiaNational Institute of Public Health of Kosovo, 10000 Pristina, SerbiaNational Institute of Public Health of Kosovo, 10000 Pristina, SerbiaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaHemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) are important viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF), especially in the Balkan region. Infections with Dobrava or Puumala orthohantavirus and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus can vary from a mild, nonspecific febrile illness, to a severe disease with a fatal outcome. The pathogenesis of both diseases is poorly understood, but it has been suggested that a host’s immune mechanism might influence the pathogenesis of the diseases and survival. The aim of our study is to characterize cytokine response in patients with VHF in association with the disease progression and viral load. Forty soluble mediators of the immune response, coagulation, and endothelial dysfunction were measured in acute serum samples in 100 HFRS patients and 70 CCHF patients. HFRS and CCHF patients had significantly increased levels of IL-6, IL-12p70, IP-10, INF-γ, TNF-α, GM-CSF, MCP-3, and MIP-1b in comparison to the control group. Interestingly, HFRS patients had higher concentrations of serum MIP-1α, MIP-1β, which promote activation of macrophages and NK cells. HFRS patients had increased concentrations of IFN-γ and TNF-α, while CCHF patients had significantly higher concentrations of IFN-α and IL-8. In both, CCHF and HFRS patients’ viral load significantly correlated with IP-10. Patients with fatal outcome had significantly elevated concentrations of IL-6, IFN-α2 and MIP-1α, while GRO-α, chemokine related to activation of neutrophils and basophils, was downregulated. Our study provided a comprehensive characterization of biomarkers released in the acute stages of CCHF and HFRS.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/8/686VHFCCHFHFRScytokinesbiomarkers |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Miša Korva Katarina Resman Rus Miša Pavletič Ana Saksida Nataša Knap Mateja Jelovšek Katja Strašek Smrdel Xhevat Jakupi Isme Humolli Jusuf Dedushaj Miroslav Petrovec Tatjana Avšič-Županc |
spellingShingle |
Miša Korva Katarina Resman Rus Miša Pavletič Ana Saksida Nataša Knap Mateja Jelovšek Katja Strašek Smrdel Xhevat Jakupi Isme Humolli Jusuf Dedushaj Miroslav Petrovec Tatjana Avšič-Županc Characterization of Biomarker Levels in Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Hantavirus Fever with Renal Syndrome Viruses VHF CCHF HFRS cytokines biomarkers |
author_facet |
Miša Korva Katarina Resman Rus Miša Pavletič Ana Saksida Nataša Knap Mateja Jelovšek Katja Strašek Smrdel Xhevat Jakupi Isme Humolli Jusuf Dedushaj Miroslav Petrovec Tatjana Avšič-Županc |
author_sort |
Miša Korva |
title |
Characterization of Biomarker Levels in Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Hantavirus Fever with Renal Syndrome |
title_short |
Characterization of Biomarker Levels in Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Hantavirus Fever with Renal Syndrome |
title_full |
Characterization of Biomarker Levels in Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Hantavirus Fever with Renal Syndrome |
title_fullStr |
Characterization of Biomarker Levels in Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Hantavirus Fever with Renal Syndrome |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of Biomarker Levels in Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Hantavirus Fever with Renal Syndrome |
title_sort |
characterization of biomarker levels in crimean–congo hemorrhagic fever and hantavirus fever with renal syndrome |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Viruses |
issn |
1999-4915 |
publishDate |
2019-07-01 |
description |
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) are important viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF), especially in the Balkan region. Infections with Dobrava or Puumala orthohantavirus and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus can vary from a mild, nonspecific febrile illness, to a severe disease with a fatal outcome. The pathogenesis of both diseases is poorly understood, but it has been suggested that a host’s immune mechanism might influence the pathogenesis of the diseases and survival. The aim of our study is to characterize cytokine response in patients with VHF in association with the disease progression and viral load. Forty soluble mediators of the immune response, coagulation, and endothelial dysfunction were measured in acute serum samples in 100 HFRS patients and 70 CCHF patients. HFRS and CCHF patients had significantly increased levels of IL-6, IL-12p70, IP-10, INF-γ, TNF-α, GM-CSF, MCP-3, and MIP-1b in comparison to the control group. Interestingly, HFRS patients had higher concentrations of serum MIP-1α, MIP-1β, which promote activation of macrophages and NK cells. HFRS patients had increased concentrations of IFN-γ and TNF-α, while CCHF patients had significantly higher concentrations of IFN-α and IL-8. In both, CCHF and HFRS patients’ viral load significantly correlated with IP-10. Patients with fatal outcome had significantly elevated concentrations of IL-6, IFN-α2 and MIP-1α, while GRO-α, chemokine related to activation of neutrophils and basophils, was downregulated. Our study provided a comprehensive characterization of biomarkers released in the acute stages of CCHF and HFRS. |
topic |
VHF CCHF HFRS cytokines biomarkers |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/8/686 |
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