Catalyst-Doped Anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotubes: Binder-Free Electrodes for (Photo)Electrochemical Reactions
Nanotubes of the transition metal oxide, TiO<sub>2</sub>, prepared by electrochemical anodization have been investigated and utilized in many fields because of their specific physical and chemical properties. However, the usage of bare anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes in (pho...
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doaj-16ab693684c24654ae4071ff3791423b2020-11-25T01:56:30ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442018-11-0181155510.3390/catal8110555catal8110555Catalyst-Doped Anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotubes: Binder-Free Electrodes for (Photo)Electrochemical ReactionsHyeonseok Yoo0Moonsu Kim1Yong-Tae Kim2Kiyoung Lee3Jinsub Choi4Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, KoreaSchool of Nano and Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 2559 Gyeongsang-daero, Sangju, Gyeongbuk 37224, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, KoreaNanotubes of the transition metal oxide, TiO<sub>2</sub>, prepared by electrochemical anodization have been investigated and utilized in many fields because of their specific physical and chemical properties. However, the usage of bare anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes in (photo)electrochemical reactions is limited by their higher charge transfer resistance and higher bandgaps than those of semiconductor or metal catalysts. In this review, we describe several techniques for doping TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes with suitable catalysts or active materials to overcome the insulating properties of TiO<sub>2</sub> and enhance its charge transfer reaction, and we suggest anodization parameters for the formation of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes. We then focus on the (photo)electrochemistry and photocatalysis-related applications of catalyst-doped anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes grown on Ti foil, including water electrolysis, photocatalysis, and solar cells. We also discuss key examples of the effects of doping and the resulting improvements in the efficiency of doped TiO<sub>2</sub> electrodes for the desired (photo)electrochemical reactions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/11/555TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubesanodizationdopingwater electrolysisphotoanodes |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hyeonseok Yoo Moonsu Kim Yong-Tae Kim Kiyoung Lee Jinsub Choi |
spellingShingle |
Hyeonseok Yoo Moonsu Kim Yong-Tae Kim Kiyoung Lee Jinsub Choi Catalyst-Doped Anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotubes: Binder-Free Electrodes for (Photo)Electrochemical Reactions Catalysts TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes anodization doping water electrolysis photoanodes |
author_facet |
Hyeonseok Yoo Moonsu Kim Yong-Tae Kim Kiyoung Lee Jinsub Choi |
author_sort |
Hyeonseok Yoo |
title |
Catalyst-Doped Anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotubes: Binder-Free Electrodes for (Photo)Electrochemical Reactions |
title_short |
Catalyst-Doped Anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotubes: Binder-Free Electrodes for (Photo)Electrochemical Reactions |
title_full |
Catalyst-Doped Anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotubes: Binder-Free Electrodes for (Photo)Electrochemical Reactions |
title_fullStr |
Catalyst-Doped Anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotubes: Binder-Free Electrodes for (Photo)Electrochemical Reactions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Catalyst-Doped Anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotubes: Binder-Free Electrodes for (Photo)Electrochemical Reactions |
title_sort |
catalyst-doped anodic tio<sub>2</sub> nanotubes: binder-free electrodes for (photo)electrochemical reactions |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Catalysts |
issn |
2073-4344 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
Nanotubes of the transition metal oxide, TiO<sub>2</sub>, prepared by electrochemical anodization have been investigated and utilized in many fields because of their specific physical and chemical properties. However, the usage of bare anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes in (photo)electrochemical reactions is limited by their higher charge transfer resistance and higher bandgaps than those of semiconductor or metal catalysts. In this review, we describe several techniques for doping TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes with suitable catalysts or active materials to overcome the insulating properties of TiO<sub>2</sub> and enhance its charge transfer reaction, and we suggest anodization parameters for the formation of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes. We then focus on the (photo)electrochemistry and photocatalysis-related applications of catalyst-doped anodic TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes grown on Ti foil, including water electrolysis, photocatalysis, and solar cells. We also discuss key examples of the effects of doping and the resulting improvements in the efficiency of doped TiO<sub>2</sub> electrodes for the desired (photo)electrochemical reactions. |
topic |
TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes anodization doping water electrolysis photoanodes |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/11/555 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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