Immunohistochemical study of the cellular immune response in human Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Estudo imuno-histoquímico da resposta imune celular na pneumonia humana por Pneumocystis carinii

OBJECTIVES: It has been experimentally demonstrated that host defense against Pneumocystis carinii depends on complex interactions within host immune response, mainly CD4 lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages. Since this is an important agent related to immunodeficiency, our purpose was to characteri...

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Main Authors: Leandro Mantovani de Castro, Carla Pagliari, Elaine Raniero Fernandes, Roosecelis Araújo Brasil, Maria Irma Seixas Duarte
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Patologia Clínica 2006-02-01
Series:Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-24442006000100002
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Summary:OBJECTIVES: It has been experimentally demonstrated that host defense against Pneumocystis carinii depends on complex interactions within host immune response, mainly CD4 lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages. Since this is an important agent related to immunodeficiency, our purpose was to characterize the inflammatory immune response in lung from necropsy of AIDS patients. PROCEDURES: Twenty-five necropsies with diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were selected for immunohistochemical investigation of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, macrophages (CD68+), NK cells (CD57+) and cells expressing TNF-alpha. The immunostained cells were quantified and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: All specimens presented a great number of cysts of Pneumocystis carinii in alveoli, as well as septal enlargement with inflammatory infiltrate constituted predominantly by lymphocytes and macrophages. CD4+ T cells were decreased in number, and CD8+ T cells, NK cells and macrophages predominated. Cells expressing TNF-alpha were frequently observed in septal inflammatory infiltrate. CONCLUSIONS: The immunosupression related to AIDS induces a reduction in the number of CD4+ T cells and influences high-level parasitism. The cell components that characterize the inflammatory infiltrate contribute to the severe lung injury of those patients.<br>OBJETIVO: Trabalhos experimentais demonstram que as defesas do hospedeiro frente ao Pneumocystis carinii incluem interações complexas entre as células imunes, principalmente linfócitos TCD4+ e macrófagos alveolares. Sendo esse um agente importante associado às imunodeficiências, nosso objetivo foi caracterizar a resposta inflamatória em pulmão de necrópsias de pacientes com AIDS. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionadas 25 necrópsias com diagnóstico de pneumonia por Pneumocystis carinii para pesquisa imuno-histoquímica de linfócitos TCD4+, TCD8+, macrófagos CD68+, células NK CD57+ e células com expressão de TNF-alfa. As células imunomarcadas foram quantificadas e analisadas estatisticamente. RESULTADOS: Todos os espécimes evidenciaram elevado parasitismo na luz dos alvéolos. Observou-se espessamento septal com infiltrado inflamatório constituído predominantemente por linfócitos e macrófagos. Houve diminuição no número de linfócitos TCD4+ e aumento de linfócitos TCD8+, macrófagos e células NK. No septo alveolar freqüentemente observaram-se células expressando TNF-alfa. CONCLUSÕES: A imunossupressão relacionada à AIDS induz a diminuição de linfócitos TCD4+ e favorece a permanência de elevado parasitismo. Os componentes celulares que caracterizam o infiltrado inflamatório contribuem para os danos irreversíveis no pulmão desses pacientes.
ISSN:1676-2444
1678-4774