Epidemiological analysis of typhoid fever in Kelantan from a retrieved registry

• Main Authors: Ismail, A., Balaram, P., Bhore, S. J., Hamzah, W. M., Hussin, H. M., Low, H.C., Zaidi, N. F. M., Goay, Y. X., Ja’afar, J. N., Phua, K. K.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Malaysian Society for Microbiology 2013-01-01
• Series: Malaysian Journal of Microbiology
• Subjects: Salmonella Typhi; Kelantan; Malaysia; Retrospective study; Typhoid
• Online Access: http://web.usm.my/mjm/issues/vol9no2/Research%204.pdf

Aim: Despite the endemicity of typhoid in Kelantan, epidemiological data showing typhoid association to age, sex,ethnicity and district of patients is limited. This retrospective study investigated the statistical association of thesevariables from a retrieved registry.Methodology and results: Cross-tabulation using SPSS was used to analyze 1394 cases of confirmed typhoid patientsadmitted to various hospitals in Kelantan state over a six-year period. Fourteen age groups with a five-year rangeinterval were generated. There was a significant association between typhoid infection and sex of subjects, wherebyfemales were generally more susceptible than males. Ethnicity and district of typhoid patients did not show significantassociation.Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The observation of an increased number of typhoid cases with a malepredominance in the age group 5-14 and female predominance in the 20-60 age group calls for improved hygiene,continued public health education, together with better laboratory diagnostics to identify carriers, are some measures tocontrol this disease.