Liquid Biopsy in Cervical Cancer: Hopes and Pitfalls
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, with about 90% of cancer-related deaths occurring in developing countries. The geographical influence on disease evolution reflects differences in the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, which is the main caus...
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doaj-17e380e3b09d4ba0ad9dd35cb45c889a2021-08-26T13:35:19ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-08-01133968396810.3390/cancers13163968Liquid Biopsy in Cervical Cancer: Hopes and PitfallsPaola Cafforio0Raffaele Palmirotta1Domenica Lovero2Ettore Cicinelli3Gennaro Cormio4Erica Silvestris5Camillo Porta6Stella D’Oronzo7Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, ItalyInterdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, ItalyMASMEC Biomed—MASMEC S.p.A. Division, Modugno, 70026 Bari, ItalyObstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, ItalyObstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, ItalyGynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, ItalyCervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, with about 90% of cancer-related deaths occurring in developing countries. The geographical influence on disease evolution reflects differences in the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, which is the main cause of CC, as well as in the access and quality of services for CC prevention and diagnosis. At present, the most diffused screening and diagnostic tools for CC are Papanicolaou test and the more sensitive HPV-DNA test, even if both methods require gynecological practices whose acceptance relies on the woman’s cultural and religious background. An alternative (or complimentary) tool for CC screening, diagnosis, and follow-up might be represented by liquid biopsy. Here, we summarize the main methodologies developed in this context, including circulating tumor cell detection and isolation, cell tumor DNA sequencing, coding and non-coding RNA detection, and exosomal miRNA identification. Moreover, the pros and cons of each method are discussed, and their potential applications in diagnosis and prognosis of CC, as well as their role in treatment monitoring, are explored. In conclusion, it is evident that despite many advances obtained in this field, further effort is needed to validate and standardize the proposed methodologies before any clinical use.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/16/3968cervical cancerliquid biopsycirculating tumor cellscirculating tumor DNAcirculating cell-free RNAexosomes |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Paola Cafforio Raffaele Palmirotta Domenica Lovero Ettore Cicinelli Gennaro Cormio Erica Silvestris Camillo Porta Stella D’Oronzo |
spellingShingle |
Paola Cafforio Raffaele Palmirotta Domenica Lovero Ettore Cicinelli Gennaro Cormio Erica Silvestris Camillo Porta Stella D’Oronzo Liquid Biopsy in Cervical Cancer: Hopes and Pitfalls Cancers cervical cancer liquid biopsy circulating tumor cells circulating tumor DNA circulating cell-free RNA exosomes |
author_facet |
Paola Cafforio Raffaele Palmirotta Domenica Lovero Ettore Cicinelli Gennaro Cormio Erica Silvestris Camillo Porta Stella D’Oronzo |
author_sort |
Paola Cafforio |
title |
Liquid Biopsy in Cervical Cancer: Hopes and Pitfalls |
title_short |
Liquid Biopsy in Cervical Cancer: Hopes and Pitfalls |
title_full |
Liquid Biopsy in Cervical Cancer: Hopes and Pitfalls |
title_fullStr |
Liquid Biopsy in Cervical Cancer: Hopes and Pitfalls |
title_full_unstemmed |
Liquid Biopsy in Cervical Cancer: Hopes and Pitfalls |
title_sort |
liquid biopsy in cervical cancer: hopes and pitfalls |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cancers |
issn |
2072-6694 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, with about 90% of cancer-related deaths occurring in developing countries. The geographical influence on disease evolution reflects differences in the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, which is the main cause of CC, as well as in the access and quality of services for CC prevention and diagnosis. At present, the most diffused screening and diagnostic tools for CC are Papanicolaou test and the more sensitive HPV-DNA test, even if both methods require gynecological practices whose acceptance relies on the woman’s cultural and religious background. An alternative (or complimentary) tool for CC screening, diagnosis, and follow-up might be represented by liquid biopsy. Here, we summarize the main methodologies developed in this context, including circulating tumor cell detection and isolation, cell tumor DNA sequencing, coding and non-coding RNA detection, and exosomal miRNA identification. Moreover, the pros and cons of each method are discussed, and their potential applications in diagnosis and prognosis of CC, as well as their role in treatment monitoring, are explored. In conclusion, it is evident that despite many advances obtained in this field, further effort is needed to validate and standardize the proposed methodologies before any clinical use. |
topic |
cervical cancer liquid biopsy circulating tumor cells circulating tumor DNA circulating cell-free RNA exosomes |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/16/3968 |
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