Cannabinoids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies
Prostate cancer is a major cause of death among men worldwide. Recent preclinical evidence implicates cannabinoids as powerful regulators of cell growth and differentiation, as well as potential anti-cancer agents. The aim of this review was to evaluate the effect of cannabinoids on in vivo prostate...
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doaj-17f1396630f3430a8fe784f3f72119e52020-11-25T03:51:35ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-08-01216265626510.3390/ijms21176265Cannabinoids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Animal StudiesKanika Singh0Negar Jamshidi1Roby Zomer2Terrence J. Piva3Nitin Mantri4The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, AustraliaMGC Pharmaceuticals Limited, West Perth, Western Australia 6005, AustraliaSchool of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, AustraliaThe Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, AustraliaProstate cancer is a major cause of death among men worldwide. Recent preclinical evidence implicates cannabinoids as powerful regulators of cell growth and differentiation, as well as potential anti-cancer agents. The aim of this review was to evaluate the effect of cannabinoids on in vivo prostate cancer models. The databases searched included PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to August 2020. Articles reporting on the effect of cannabinoids on prostate cancer were deemed eligible. We identified six studies that were all found to be based on in vivo/xenograft animal models. Results:<i> </i>In PC3 and DU145 xenografts, WIN55,212-2 reduced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, in LNCaP xenografts, WIN55,212-2 reduced cell proliferation by 66–69%. PM49, which is a synthetic cannabinoid quinone, was also found to result in a significant inhibition of tumor growth of up to 90% in xenograft models of LNCaP and 40% in xenograft models of PC3 cells, respectively. All studies have reported that the treatment of prostate cancers in in vivo/xenograft models with various cannabinoids decreased the size of the tumor, the outcomes of which depended on the dose and length of treatment. Within the limitation of these identified studies, cannabinoids were shown to reduce the size of prostate cancer tumors in animal models. However, further well-designed and controlled animal studies are warranted to confirm these findings.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/17/6265animal modelscancercannabinoidscannabisWIN55,212-2prostate cancer |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Kanika Singh Negar Jamshidi Roby Zomer Terrence J. Piva Nitin Mantri |
spellingShingle |
Kanika Singh Negar Jamshidi Roby Zomer Terrence J. Piva Nitin Mantri Cannabinoids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies International Journal of Molecular Sciences animal models cancer cannabinoids cannabis WIN55,212-2 prostate cancer |
author_facet |
Kanika Singh Negar Jamshidi Roby Zomer Terrence J. Piva Nitin Mantri |
author_sort |
Kanika Singh |
title |
Cannabinoids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies |
title_short |
Cannabinoids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies |
title_full |
Cannabinoids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies |
title_fullStr |
Cannabinoids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cannabinoids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies |
title_sort |
cannabinoids and prostate cancer: a systematic review of animal studies |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
Prostate cancer is a major cause of death among men worldwide. Recent preclinical evidence implicates cannabinoids as powerful regulators of cell growth and differentiation, as well as potential anti-cancer agents. The aim of this review was to evaluate the effect of cannabinoids on in vivo prostate cancer models. The databases searched included PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to August 2020. Articles reporting on the effect of cannabinoids on prostate cancer were deemed eligible. We identified six studies that were all found to be based on in vivo/xenograft animal models. Results:<i> </i>In PC3 and DU145 xenografts, WIN55,212-2 reduced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, in LNCaP xenografts, WIN55,212-2 reduced cell proliferation by 66–69%. PM49, which is a synthetic cannabinoid quinone, was also found to result in a significant inhibition of tumor growth of up to 90% in xenograft models of LNCaP and 40% in xenograft models of PC3 cells, respectively. All studies have reported that the treatment of prostate cancers in in vivo/xenograft models with various cannabinoids decreased the size of the tumor, the outcomes of which depended on the dose and length of treatment. Within the limitation of these identified studies, cannabinoids were shown to reduce the size of prostate cancer tumors in animal models. However, further well-designed and controlled animal studies are warranted to confirm these findings. |
topic |
animal models cancer cannabinoids cannabis WIN55,212-2 prostate cancer |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/17/6265 |
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