Association between Self-Reported Chewing Status and Glycemic Control in Japanese Adults

• Main Authors: Komei Iwai, Tetsuji Azuma, Takatoshi Yonenaga, Daisuke Ekuni, Kazutoshi Watanabe, Akihiro Obora, Fumiko Deguchi, Takao Kojima, Manabu Morita, Takaaki Tomofuji
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-09-01
• Series: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
• Subjects: mastication; glycated hemoglobin A; epidemiology; cross-sectional studies
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/18/9548

This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between self-reported chewing status and glycemic control in 30,938 Japanese adults who participated in health checkups. Chewing status was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire. We defined high hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels as a HbA1c level ≥6.5%; 692 (2.2%) respondents met this criterion. After adjusting for gender, age, smoking status, exercise habits, body mass index and eating speed, high HbA1c levels was found to be associated with male gender (odds ratio (OR), 1.568; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.310 to 1.878; <i>p</i> < 0.001), older age (OR, 1.077; 95% CI, 1.068 to 1.087; <i>p</i> < 0.001), higher body mass index (OR, 1.246; 95% CI, 1.225 to 1.268; <i>p</i> < 0.001), current smoker status (OR, 1.566; 95% CI, 1.303 to 1.882; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and chewing difficulty (OR, 1.302; 95% CI, 1.065 to 1.591; <i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, self-reported chewing difficulty was associated with high HbA1c levels in Japanese adults.