Preliminary Evidence for a Window of Increased Vulnerability to Sustain a Concussion in Females: A Brief Report
A difference exists between sexes for the incidence of concussion injuries and severity of post-injury outcomes with females having a higher incidence rate (in comparable sports) and experience more robust symptoms than males. The basis for this disparity has remained largely unresolved. Recent find...
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doaj-18df2f6afa2147a4b87a481926700db12020-11-25T01:04:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952019-07-011010.3389/fneur.2019.00691459900Preliminary Evidence for a Window of Increased Vulnerability to Sustain a Concussion in Females: A Brief ReportMichael F. La Fountaine0Michael F. La Fountaine1Michael F. La Fountaine2Michael F. La Fountaine3Vicci Hill-Lombardi4Vicci Hill-Lombardi5Vicci Hill-Lombardi6Vicci Hill-Lombardi7Asante N. Hohn8Caroline L. Leahy9Anthony J. Testa10Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United StatesThe Institute for Advanced Study of Rehabilitation and Sports Science, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United StatesDepartment of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine at Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine at Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United StatesThe Institute for Advanced Study of Rehabilitation and Sports Science, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United StatesDepartment of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine at Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United StatesDepartment of Athletic Training, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United StatesCenter for Sports Medicine, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, United StatesA difference exists between sexes for the incidence of concussion injuries and severity of post-injury outcomes with females having a higher incidence rate (in comparable sports) and experience more robust symptoms than males. The basis for this disparity has remained largely unresolved. Recent findings point to a potential biological mechanism that may be related to the menstrual cycle as an arbiter of post-injury outcomes. What has not been addressed, is whether the phase of menstrual cycle (inferred fluctuations of ovarian hormones) contributes to an increased vulnerability to sustain a concussion injury. This prospective, observational study sought to determine if concussions occurred at different frequencies throughout the phase of the menstrual cycle. Female athletes who sustained a concussion injury were queried three times over the 7-day study (e.g., within 48 h of injury, and 4 and 7 days after injury) to recall the number of days that have elapsed since the beginning of their most recent menstruation. Twenty female athletes enrolled after sustaining a concussion; 18 were eumenorrheic and 2 amenorrheic. Among eumenorrheic participants at the time of injury, 2 were in the follicular phase, 4 were in the early luteal phase and 9 were in the late luteal phase. Two athletes were injured on the first and 1 was injured on the second day of menstruation. The greatest number of concussions were sustained during the late luteal phase and during the first 2 days of menstruation. This 9-day window accounted for 2/3rd of the sustained concussions in our study.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2019.00691/fullmenstrual cycleluteal phaseconcussionbrain injury-traumaticwomens health |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Michael F. La Fountaine Michael F. La Fountaine Michael F. La Fountaine Michael F. La Fountaine Vicci Hill-Lombardi Vicci Hill-Lombardi Vicci Hill-Lombardi Vicci Hill-Lombardi Asante N. Hohn Caroline L. Leahy Anthony J. Testa |
spellingShingle |
Michael F. La Fountaine Michael F. La Fountaine Michael F. La Fountaine Michael F. La Fountaine Vicci Hill-Lombardi Vicci Hill-Lombardi Vicci Hill-Lombardi Vicci Hill-Lombardi Asante N. Hohn Caroline L. Leahy Anthony J. Testa Preliminary Evidence for a Window of Increased Vulnerability to Sustain a Concussion in Females: A Brief Report Frontiers in Neurology menstrual cycle luteal phase concussion brain injury-traumatic womens health |
author_facet |
Michael F. La Fountaine Michael F. La Fountaine Michael F. La Fountaine Michael F. La Fountaine Vicci Hill-Lombardi Vicci Hill-Lombardi Vicci Hill-Lombardi Vicci Hill-Lombardi Asante N. Hohn Caroline L. Leahy Anthony J. Testa |
author_sort |
Michael F. La Fountaine |
title |
Preliminary Evidence for a Window of Increased Vulnerability to Sustain a Concussion in Females: A Brief Report |
title_short |
Preliminary Evidence for a Window of Increased Vulnerability to Sustain a Concussion in Females: A Brief Report |
title_full |
Preliminary Evidence for a Window of Increased Vulnerability to Sustain a Concussion in Females: A Brief Report |
title_fullStr |
Preliminary Evidence for a Window of Increased Vulnerability to Sustain a Concussion in Females: A Brief Report |
title_full_unstemmed |
Preliminary Evidence for a Window of Increased Vulnerability to Sustain a Concussion in Females: A Brief Report |
title_sort |
preliminary evidence for a window of increased vulnerability to sustain a concussion in females: a brief report |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Neurology |
issn |
1664-2295 |
publishDate |
2019-07-01 |
description |
A difference exists between sexes for the incidence of concussion injuries and severity of post-injury outcomes with females having a higher incidence rate (in comparable sports) and experience more robust symptoms than males. The basis for this disparity has remained largely unresolved. Recent findings point to a potential biological mechanism that may be related to the menstrual cycle as an arbiter of post-injury outcomes. What has not been addressed, is whether the phase of menstrual cycle (inferred fluctuations of ovarian hormones) contributes to an increased vulnerability to sustain a concussion injury. This prospective, observational study sought to determine if concussions occurred at different frequencies throughout the phase of the menstrual cycle. Female athletes who sustained a concussion injury were queried three times over the 7-day study (e.g., within 48 h of injury, and 4 and 7 days after injury) to recall the number of days that have elapsed since the beginning of their most recent menstruation. Twenty female athletes enrolled after sustaining a concussion; 18 were eumenorrheic and 2 amenorrheic. Among eumenorrheic participants at the time of injury, 2 were in the follicular phase, 4 were in the early luteal phase and 9 were in the late luteal phase. Two athletes were injured on the first and 1 was injured on the second day of menstruation. The greatest number of concussions were sustained during the late luteal phase and during the first 2 days of menstruation. This 9-day window accounted for 2/3rd of the sustained concussions in our study. |
topic |
menstrual cycle luteal phase concussion brain injury-traumatic womens health |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2019.00691/full |
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