Histomorphological Spectrum of Nephrectomy Specimens- A Tertairy Care Centre Experience

• Main Authors: Vikram Narang, Bhavna Garg, Ashneet Walia, Neena Sood, Vineeta Malhotra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: JCDR Research and Publications Pvt. Ltd. 2016-04-01
• Series: National Journal of Laboratory Medicine
• Subjects: chronic pyelonephritis; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; histopathology; renal cell carcinoma
• Online Access: http://www.njlm.net/articles/PDF/2112/11-%2018261_F(P)_PF1(Vsu_Om)_PFA(Om)_PF2(OMVSU).pdf

Introduction: Nephrectomy is a common surgical procedure done for a variety of neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases. This study has been taken up to analyze kidney diseases histopathologically and various lesions of the kidney and their subtypes and record the various lesions which have lead to partial nephrectomy, total nephrectomy, unilateral and bilateral nephrectomies. Aim: To study spectrum of diseases in nephrectomy specimens, histological sub typing of neoplastic conditions and evaluation of histopathological prognostic features like capsular invasion, vascular invasion and nuclear grade. Materials and Methods: This was an retrospective and prospective analysis done over the period of 4 years (2006-2009). A nephrectomy specimens received in the Department of Pathology Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana were analyzed with respect to gross and microscopic features. Results: Out of a total number of 155 cases, 82 were neoplastic, 73 were non-neoplastic males were 98 and females 57 with a M:F ratio 1.7:1. Out of the 82 neoplastic cases, Renal cell carcinoma (Clear cell type) was commonest (57 cases) followed by Transitional cell carcinoma (07 cases), Papillary RCC (03 cases), Oncocytoma (03 cases), Wilm’s tumour (02 cases), RCC with sarcomatoid change (02 cases), RCC unclassifiable (03 cases) and 01 case each of Chromophobe RCC, Multicystic RCC, Collecting duct carcinoma and small round cell tumour respectively. Of the 73 non-neoplastic cases, chronic pyelonephritis with hydronephrosis constituted 42 cases, emphysematous pyelonephritis (16 cases), xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (02 cases), acute or chronic pyelonephritis (09 cases), polycystic kidney (02 cases), cystic renal dysplasia and tuberculosis (01 case each). Conclusion: Radical nephrectomy is the common surgical procedure done for both neoplastic disorders as well as non neoplastic lesions. Detailed histopathological examination is necessary for diagnosis and the prognostication of the lesions.