The Impact of Type 1 Interferons on Alveolar Macrophage Tolerance and Implications for Host Susceptibility to Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia
That macrophages adapt to environmental cues is well-established. This adaptation has had several reiterations, first with innate imprinting and then with various combinations of trained, tolerant, paralyzed, or primed. Whatever the nomenclature, it represents a macrophage that is required to perfor...
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doaj-199e52b7ddfb41e782d4296ed8a9018c2020-11-25T02:06:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242020-03-011110.3389/fimmu.2020.00495525873The Impact of Type 1 Interferons on Alveolar Macrophage Tolerance and Implications for Host Susceptibility to Secondary Bacterial PneumoniaEmma ConnollyTracy HussellThat macrophages adapt to environmental cues is well-established. This adaptation has had several reiterations, first with innate imprinting and then with various combinations of trained, tolerant, paralyzed, or primed. Whatever the nomenclature, it represents a macrophage that is required to perform very different functions. First, alveolar macrophages are one of the sentinel cells that flag up damage and release mediators that attract other immune cells. Next, they mature to support T cell priming and survival. Finally they are critical in clearing inflammatory immune cells by phagocytosis and extracellular matrix turnover components by efferocytosis. At each functional stage they alter intrinsic components to guide their activity. Training therefore is akin to changing function. In this mini-review we focus on the lung and the specific role of type I interferons in altering macrophage activity. The proposed mechanisms of type I IFNs on lung-resident alveolar macrophages and their effect on host susceptibility to bacterial infection following influenza virus infection.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00495/fulltype I IFNtrained immunityalveolar macrophagelung viral infectionsecondary bacterial pneumoniaepigenome |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Emma Connolly Tracy Hussell |
spellingShingle |
Emma Connolly Tracy Hussell The Impact of Type 1 Interferons on Alveolar Macrophage Tolerance and Implications for Host Susceptibility to Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia Frontiers in Immunology type I IFN trained immunity alveolar macrophage lung viral infection secondary bacterial pneumonia epigenome |
author_facet |
Emma Connolly Tracy Hussell |
author_sort |
Emma Connolly |
title |
The Impact of Type 1 Interferons on Alveolar Macrophage Tolerance and Implications for Host Susceptibility to Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia |
title_short |
The Impact of Type 1 Interferons on Alveolar Macrophage Tolerance and Implications for Host Susceptibility to Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia |
title_full |
The Impact of Type 1 Interferons on Alveolar Macrophage Tolerance and Implications for Host Susceptibility to Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia |
title_fullStr |
The Impact of Type 1 Interferons on Alveolar Macrophage Tolerance and Implications for Host Susceptibility to Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Impact of Type 1 Interferons on Alveolar Macrophage Tolerance and Implications for Host Susceptibility to Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia |
title_sort |
impact of type 1 interferons on alveolar macrophage tolerance and implications for host susceptibility to secondary bacterial pneumonia |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Immunology |
issn |
1664-3224 |
publishDate |
2020-03-01 |
description |
That macrophages adapt to environmental cues is well-established. This adaptation has had several reiterations, first with innate imprinting and then with various combinations of trained, tolerant, paralyzed, or primed. Whatever the nomenclature, it represents a macrophage that is required to perform very different functions. First, alveolar macrophages are one of the sentinel cells that flag up damage and release mediators that attract other immune cells. Next, they mature to support T cell priming and survival. Finally they are critical in clearing inflammatory immune cells by phagocytosis and extracellular matrix turnover components by efferocytosis. At each functional stage they alter intrinsic components to guide their activity. Training therefore is akin to changing function. In this mini-review we focus on the lung and the specific role of type I interferons in altering macrophage activity. The proposed mechanisms of type I IFNs on lung-resident alveolar macrophages and their effect on host susceptibility to bacterial infection following influenza virus infection. |
topic |
type I IFN trained immunity alveolar macrophage lung viral infection secondary bacterial pneumonia epigenome |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00495/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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