Mechanisms for Modulating Anoikis Resistance in Cancer and the Relevance of Metabolic Reprogramming
The attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is the hallmark of structure–function stability and well-being. ECM detachment in localized tumors precedes abnormal dissemination of tumor cells culminating in metastasis. Programmed cell death (PCD) is activated during tumorigenesis to clea...
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doaj-19df2b03e83d43bb955368f15cd823472021-03-29T05:48:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2021-03-011110.3389/fonc.2021.626577626577Mechanisms for Modulating Anoikis Resistance in Cancer and the Relevance of Metabolic ReprogrammingFunmilayo O. Adeshakin0Funmilayo O. Adeshakin1Adeleye O. Adeshakin2Adeleye O. Adeshakin3Lukman O. Afolabi4Lukman O. Afolabi5Dehong Yan6Guizhong Zhang7Xiaochun Wan8Xiaochun Wan9Guangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaGuangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaGuangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaGuangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, ChinaGuangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, ChinaGuangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaThe attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is the hallmark of structure–function stability and well-being. ECM detachment in localized tumors precedes abnormal dissemination of tumor cells culminating in metastasis. Programmed cell death (PCD) is activated during tumorigenesis to clear off ECM-detached cells through “anoikis.” However, cancer cells develop several mechanisms for abrogating anoikis, thus promoting their invasiveness and metastasis. Specific factors, such as growth proteins, pH, transcriptional signaling pathways, and oxidative stress, have been reported as drivers of anoikis resistance, thus enhancing cancer proliferation and metastasis. Recent studies highlighted the key contributions of metabolic pathways, enabling the cells to bypass anoikis. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms driving anoikis resistance could help to counteract tumor progression and prevent metastasis. This review elucidates the dynamics employed by cancer cells to impede anoikis, thus promoting proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, the authors have discussed other metabolic intermediates (especially amino acids and nucleotides) that are less explored, which could be crucial for anoikis resistance and metastasis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.626577/fullECM detachmentanoikisanoikis resistancemetabolismtumor metastasis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Funmilayo O. Adeshakin Funmilayo O. Adeshakin Adeleye O. Adeshakin Adeleye O. Adeshakin Lukman O. Afolabi Lukman O. Afolabi Dehong Yan Guizhong Zhang Xiaochun Wan Xiaochun Wan |
spellingShingle |
Funmilayo O. Adeshakin Funmilayo O. Adeshakin Adeleye O. Adeshakin Adeleye O. Adeshakin Lukman O. Afolabi Lukman O. Afolabi Dehong Yan Guizhong Zhang Xiaochun Wan Xiaochun Wan Mechanisms for Modulating Anoikis Resistance in Cancer and the Relevance of Metabolic Reprogramming Frontiers in Oncology ECM detachment anoikis anoikis resistance metabolism tumor metastasis |
author_facet |
Funmilayo O. Adeshakin Funmilayo O. Adeshakin Adeleye O. Adeshakin Adeleye O. Adeshakin Lukman O. Afolabi Lukman O. Afolabi Dehong Yan Guizhong Zhang Xiaochun Wan Xiaochun Wan |
author_sort |
Funmilayo O. Adeshakin |
title |
Mechanisms for Modulating Anoikis Resistance in Cancer and the Relevance of Metabolic Reprogramming |
title_short |
Mechanisms for Modulating Anoikis Resistance in Cancer and the Relevance of Metabolic Reprogramming |
title_full |
Mechanisms for Modulating Anoikis Resistance in Cancer and the Relevance of Metabolic Reprogramming |
title_fullStr |
Mechanisms for Modulating Anoikis Resistance in Cancer and the Relevance of Metabolic Reprogramming |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mechanisms for Modulating Anoikis Resistance in Cancer and the Relevance of Metabolic Reprogramming |
title_sort |
mechanisms for modulating anoikis resistance in cancer and the relevance of metabolic reprogramming |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Oncology |
issn |
2234-943X |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
The attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is the hallmark of structure–function stability and well-being. ECM detachment in localized tumors precedes abnormal dissemination of tumor cells culminating in metastasis. Programmed cell death (PCD) is activated during tumorigenesis to clear off ECM-detached cells through “anoikis.” However, cancer cells develop several mechanisms for abrogating anoikis, thus promoting their invasiveness and metastasis. Specific factors, such as growth proteins, pH, transcriptional signaling pathways, and oxidative stress, have been reported as drivers of anoikis resistance, thus enhancing cancer proliferation and metastasis. Recent studies highlighted the key contributions of metabolic pathways, enabling the cells to bypass anoikis. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms driving anoikis resistance could help to counteract tumor progression and prevent metastasis. This review elucidates the dynamics employed by cancer cells to impede anoikis, thus promoting proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, the authors have discussed other metabolic intermediates (especially amino acids and nucleotides) that are less explored, which could be crucial for anoikis resistance and metastasis. |
topic |
ECM detachment anoikis anoikis resistance metabolism tumor metastasis |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.626577/full |
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