FEATURES GASTOSTOMY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF NESTS OF THE GREAT TIT (PARUS MAJOR L.) AND THE COMMON REDSTART (PHOENICURUS PHOENICURUS L.) IN THE URBANIZED LANDSCAPE OF THE CITY OF MONCHEGORSK

• Main Author: Tatyana Nikolaevna Koryakina
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Science and Innovation Center Publishing House 2018-03-01
• Series: В мире научных открытий
• Subjects: гнездо; строительный материал; природные и антропогенные компоненты; большая синица (Parus major L.); обыкновенная горихвостка (Phoenicurus phoenicurus L.)
• Online Access: http://journal-s.org/index.php/vmno/article/view/10560

The author made an analysis the composition and characteristics of nests of hole-nesting birds within the city of Monchegorsk and neighbouring areas: the great tit (n=35) and the common redstart (n=17) over a five-year period. The main parameters of the nests for the great tit are as follows: the height of 5.43±0.31 cm, diameter of 14.52±0.42 cm, weight 36.78±2.6 g and the common redstart: height of 7.2±0.6 cm, diameter of 16.53±7.75 cm, weight 61.82±5.84 g. the Average starting date of the construction of the nest great tit at the first attempt of nesting 09 May±1,27 (limmin=April 24, limmax= May 23; n=27), a second attempt of nesting 24 June±1.79 (limmin=June 18, limmax= Jul 11; n=8), the common redstart May 24±1.18 (limmin=May 15, limmax= June 06; n=17). The predominant tree species for settlement nest-boxes and built nests of hole-nesting birds is the subarctic birch (Betula subarctica Orlova). The highest number of nests of the great tit (28.5%) are in the nest with the four components; the nest, consisting of 2 and 3 components are, respectively, 8.5% and 22.9% of the total number of nests. In the nests of the great tit the number of components ranges from 2 to 5, an average of 4.37±0.28, the main ones are green moss and dog wool. The overwhelming number of nests of the common redstart consists of seven components (29.5%), nests, containing four, five and six components, accounting for 17.6 percent; the number of components is in the range from 3 to 10, averaging 6±0.46. The most typical components of the common redstart nests are grass sprouts, leaves, bark and trash. Shoots of grasses, leaves, bark and trash – based nest of the common redstart. These components are the traditional natural materials for nests listed bird species. As a specific anthropogenic components used by birds to build their nests, used: polyethylene, paper (cardboard), wool yarn, burlap, cotton, polyester. The percentage of occurrence of anthropogenic materials 34.3% for nests of the great tit and 52.9% for nests of the common redstart.